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In vitro and in vivo behaviour of sympatric Leishmania (V.) braziliensis, L. (V.) peruviana and their hybrids

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 November 2011

SOFIA CORTES ,
CARINA ESTEVES ,
ISABEL MAURÍCIO ,
CARLA MAIA ,
JOSÉ MANUEL CRISTOVÃO ,
MICHAEL MILES  and
LENEA CAMPINO
SOFIA CORTES*
Affiliation:
Unidade de Parasitologia Médica, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical (IHMT), Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Rua da Junqueira, 100, 1346-008 Lisboa, Portugal Centro de Malária e Outras Doenças Tropicais (CMDT)/IHMT, Lisboa, Portugal
CARINA ESTEVES
Affiliation:
Unidade de Parasitologia Médica, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical (IHMT), Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Rua da Junqueira, 100, 1346-008 Lisboa, Portugal Centro de Malária e Outras Doenças Tropicais (CMDT)/IHMT, Lisboa, Portugal
ISABEL MAURÍCIO
Affiliation:
Unidade de Parasitologia Médica, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical (IHMT), Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Rua da Junqueira, 100, 1346-008 Lisboa, Portugal Department of Pathogen Molecular Biology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), Keppel Street, London WCIE 7HT, UK
CARLA MAIA
Affiliation:
Unidade de Parasitologia Médica, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical (IHMT), Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Rua da Junqueira, 100, 1346-008 Lisboa, Portugal Centro de Malária e Outras Doenças Tropicais (CMDT)/IHMT, Lisboa, Portugal
JOSÉ MANUEL CRISTOVÃO
Affiliation:
Unidade de Parasitologia Médica, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical (IHMT), Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Rua da Junqueira, 100, 1346-008 Lisboa, Portugal
MICHAEL MILES
Affiliation:
Department of Pathogen Molecular Biology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), Keppel Street, London WCIE 7HT, UK
LENEA CAMPINO
Affiliation:
Unidade de Parasitologia Médica, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical (IHMT), Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Rua da Junqueira, 100, 1346-008 Lisboa, Portugal
*
*Corresponding author: Unidade de Parasitologia Médica, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Rua da Junqueira, 100, 1346-008 Lisboa, Portugal. Tel: +351 213652600. Fax: +351 213632105. E-mail: scortes@ihmt.unl.pt
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Summary

Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis is the main cause of highly disfiguring mucocutaneous leishmaniasis (MCL) in South America. The related species L. (V.) peruviana has only been identified in simple cutaneous lesions (CL). Hybrids between L. braziliensis and L. peruviana have been reported although genetic exchange in Leishmania is considered to be rare. Here we compared growth in vitro, adaptive capacity under thermal and oxidative stress and behaviour in a hamster model, of L. braziliensis, L. peruviana, and their putative hybrids. At 24°C, the optimal temperature for in vitro growth, L. braziliensis had the highest growth rate. In in vitro studies hybrid clones presented heterogeneous phenotypes, from slower growth rates, similar to L. peruviana, to higher growth rates, as observed in L. braziliensis. Hamsters infected with hybrid strains, presented the highest parasite densities and aggressive relapses at a later stage of infection. Hybrids generally presented higher plasticity and phenotypic diversity than the putative parental species, with potential eco-epidemiological implications, including an impact on the success of disease control.

Keywords

Leishmania (Viannia)hybridsphenotypein vivo behaviour
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 139 , Issue 2 , February 2012 , pp. 191 - 199
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2011

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