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The microbiota and helminths: sharing the same niche in the human host

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 June 2014

LAURA GLENDINNING Open the ORCID record for LAURA GLENDINNING [Opens in a new window] ,
NORMAN NAUSCH ,
ANDREW FREE ,
DAVID W. TAYLOR  and
FRANCISCA MUTAPI
LAURA GLENDINNING*
Affiliation:
Institute of Immunology and Infection Research, Centre for Immunity, Infection and Evolution, School of Biological Sciences, Ashworth Laboratories, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JT, UK
NORMAN NAUSCH
Affiliation:
Institute of Immunology and Infection Research, Centre for Immunity, Infection and Evolution, School of Biological Sciences, Ashworth Laboratories, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JT, UK
ANDREW FREE
Affiliation:
Institute of Cell Biology, University of Edinburgh, The King's Buildings, Mayfield Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JR, UK
DAVID W. TAYLOR
Affiliation:
Division of Pathway Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, Ashworth Laboratories, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JT, UK
FRANCISCA MUTAPI
Affiliation:
Institute of Immunology and Infection Research, Centre for Immunity, Infection and Evolution, School of Biological Sciences, Ashworth Laboratories, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JT, UK
*
* Corresponding author: Desk 01.143N, Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Edinburgh EH25 9RG, UK. E-mail: Laura.Glendinning@roslin.ed.ac.uk
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Summary

Human gastrointestinal bacteria often share their environment with parasitic worms, allowing physical and physiological interaction between the two groups. Such associations have the potential to affect host health as well as the bacterial and helminth populations. Although still in its early stages, research on the interaction between the microbiome and parasitic helminths in humans offers the potential to improve health by manipulating the microbiome. Previously, supplementation with various nutritional compounds has been found to increase the abundance of potentially beneficial gut commensal bacteria. Thus, nutritional microbiome manipulation to produce an environment which may decrease malnutrition associated with helminth infection and/or aid host recovery from disease is conceivable. This review discusses the influence of the gut microbiota and helminths on host nutrition and immunity and the subsequent effects on the human host's overall health. It also discusses changes occurring in the microbiota upon helminth infections and the underlying mechanisms leading to these changes. There are still significant knowledge gaps which need to be filled before meaningful progress can be made in translating knowledge from studying the human gut microbiome into therapeutic strategies. Ultimately this review aims to discuss our current knowledge as well as highlight areas requiring further investigation.

Keywords

microbiotahelminthsbacterianutritionimmunologyco-infectionhomoeostasispublic health
Type
Review Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 141 , Issue 10 , September 2014 , pp. 1255 - 1271
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Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2014 

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