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Molecules and morphology reveal cryptic variation among digeneans infecting sympatric mullets in the Mediterranean

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 October 2009

I. BLASCO-COSTA ,
J. A. BALBUENA ,
J. A. RAGA ,
A. KOSTADINOVA  and
P. D. OLSON
I. BLASCO-COSTA*
Affiliation:
Marine Zoology Unit, Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, University of Valencia, PO Box 22 085, 46071 Valencia, Spain
J. A. BALBUENA
Affiliation:
Marine Zoology Unit, Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, University of Valencia, PO Box 22 085, 46071 Valencia, Spain
J. A. RAGA
Affiliation:
Marine Zoology Unit, Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, University of Valencia, PO Box 22 085, 46071 Valencia, Spain
A. KOSTADINOVA
Affiliation:
Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic Central Laboratory of General Ecology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2 Gagarin Street, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
P. D. OLSON
Affiliation:
Department of Zoology, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK
*
*Corresponding author: Marine Zoology Unit, Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, University of Valencia, PO Box 22 085, 46071 Valencia, Spain. Tel: +34 963543685. Fax: +34 963543733. E-mail: M.Isabel.Blasco@uv.es
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Summary

We applied a combined molecular and morphological approach to resolve the taxonomic status of Saccocoelium spp. parasitizing sympatric mullets (Mugilidae) in the Mediterranean. Eight morphotypes of Saccocoelium were distinguished by means of multivariate statistical analyses: 2 of Saccocoelium obesum ex Liza spp.; 4 of S. tensum ex Liza spp.; and 2 (S. cephali and Saccocoelium sp.) ex Mugil cephalus. Sequences of the 28S and ITS2 rRNA gene regions were obtained for a total of 21 isolates of these morphotypes. Combining sequence data analysis with a detailed morphological and multivariate morphometric study of the specimens allowed the demonstration of cryptic diversity thus rejecting the hypothesis of a single species of Saccocoelium infecting sympatric mullets in the Mediterranean. Comparative sequence analysis revealed 4 unique genotypes, thus corroborating the distinct species status of Saccocoelium obesum, S. tensum and S. cephali and a new cryptic species ex Liza aurata and L. saliens recognized by its consistent morphological differentiation and genetic divergence. However, in spite of their sharp morphological difference the 2 morphotypes from M. cephalus showed no molecular differentiation and 4 morphotypes of S. tensum were genetically identical. This wide intraspecific morphological variation within S. tensum and S. cephali suggests that delimiting species of Saccocoelium using solely morphological criteria will be misleading.

Keywords

DigeneaHaploporidaeSaccocoeliumMugilidaecryptic speciesmoleculesmorphologyrDNA
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 137 , Issue 2 , February 2010 , pp. 287 - 302
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2009

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