Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-8bhkd Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-15T17:23:42.077Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

The Morphology and Method of Division of Trichomonas

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 April 2009

Ann Bishop
Affiliation:
From the Molteno Institute, Cambridge.

Extract

1. Three trichomonads have been cultivated and studied, T. hominis, Trichomonas sp. from M. nemestrinus (= R.T. strain), and T. batrachorum from English frogs and toads.

2. A number of strains of T. batrachorum were cultivated over periods varying from two weeks to five months without the appearance of a Eutrichomastix stage.

3. The division process of T. batrachorum has been studied. The new basal fibre arises as an outgrowth from the blepharoplast. The old axostyle is absorbed and new ones are formed from the daughter blepharoplast during the telophase. Six chromosomes appear during the prophase. Spindle fibres do not appear. There is a separation of the daughter blepharoplasts into centro-some and basal granule at the metaphase.

4. Division of T. hominis and Trichomonas sp. from M. nemestrinus is essentially similar to that of T. batrachorum. The number of chromosomes appeared to be five or six. Double individuals were found in the cultures, and in T. hominis individuals containing four or six sets of organellae. Their significance is obscure.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1931

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Alexeieff, A. (1909). Un nouveau Trichomonas à quatre flagellés antéieurs. C.R. Soc. Biol. 67, 712.Google Scholar
Alexeieff, A. (1910). Sur le séla gelles intestinaux des poissons marins. Arch. Zool. exp. gén. Paris (5). 6, 1.Google Scholar
Alexeieff, A. (1911). Sur in spécification dane le genre Trichomonas Donné. C.R. Soc. Biol. 71, 296.Google Scholar
Alexeieff, A. (1914). Notes protistologiques. Zool. Anz. 44, 193.Google Scholar
Alexeieff, A. (1924). Sur le corps parabasal, l'axostyle et lea mitochondries chez lea flagellés. Arch. Russ. Protist. Moscow, 3, 149.Google Scholar
Andrews, J. M. (1925). Morphology and mitosis in Trichomonas termopsidis, an intestinal flagellate of the termite Termopsis. Biol. Bull. Wood's Hole. 49, 69.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Andrews, J. M. (1926). Cultivation of Trichomonas, thermal death point, anaerobic conditions, attempts at sterilisation. J. Parasit. Urbana. 12, 148.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Andrews, M. N. (1929). Observations on Trichomonas vaginalis Donné 1837; with particular reference to its incidence in England and its cultivation. J. Trop. Med. and Hyg. 32, 237.Google Scholar
Barret, H. P. and Smith, N. M. (1926). The cultivation of Endamoeba ranarum. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasitol. 20, 85.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Becker, E. R. (1926). The flagellate fauna of the caecum of the striped ground squirrel, Citellus tridecemlineatus, with special reference to Chilomastix magna sp. nov. Biol. Bull. Wood's Hole. 51, 287.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bělaě, K. (1916). Protozoenstudien, II. Arch. Protistenic. 36, 241.Google Scholar
Bishor, A. (1930). The action of hydrochloric acid upon cultures of Trichomonas. Parasitol. 22, 230.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Boeck, W. C. (1924). Studies on Tricercomonas intestinalis (Wenyon and O'Connor, 1917). Amer. J. Trap. Med. 4, 519.Google Scholar
Brumpt, E. (1925). Recherches morphologiques et expérimentales sur le Trichomonas felis da Cunha et Muniz 1922, parasite du Chat et du Chien. Ann. Parasitol. 3, 239.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chatterjee, G. C. (1917). A Trichomastix (n.sp.) parasitic in the human intestine. Ind. J. Med. Res. 5, 217.Google Scholar
Chatton, E. (1918). Principaux facteurs physiques qui conditionnent la culture pure des flagelles intestinaux du genre Trichomastix. C.R. Soc. Biol. Paris. 81, 714.Google Scholar
Chatton, E. (1918 a). Culture pure et indéfinie d'un flagellé intestinal du genre Trichomastix sur organes en autolyse aseptique. C.R. Soc. Biol. Paris. 81, 346.Google Scholar
Chatton, E. (1920). Culture indéfinie d'un Trichomonas intestinal du Cobaye; essais de purifica tion, action morphogène des milieux sur la membrane ondulante. C.R. Soc. Biol. Paris. 83, 69.Google Scholar
Cleveland, L. R. (1928). Tritrichomonas fecalis nov. sp. of Man; its ability to grow and multiply indefinitely in faeces diluted with tap-water and in frogs and tadpoles. Amer. J. Hyg. 8, 232.Google Scholar
Cutler, D. W. (1919). Observations on the protozoa parasitic in the hind gut of Archotermopsis wroughtoni Desm. Part I. Ditrichomonas (Trichomonas) termitis Imms. Quart. J. Micr. Sci. 63, 555.Google Scholar
Cutler, D. W. (1920). Protozoa parasitic in termites. Part II. Joenopszs polytricha n.gen., n.sp. with brief notes on two new species Joenopsis cephalotricha and Microjoenia axostylis. Quart. J. Micr. Sci. 64, 383.Google Scholar
Dobell, C. C. (1907). Trichomastix serpentis n.sp. Quart. J. Micr. Sci. 51, 449.Google Scholar
Dobell, C. C. (1908). The structure and life-history of Copromonas subtilis nov. gen. et nov. spec.; a contribution to our knowledge of the flagellates. Quart. J. Micr. Sci. 52, 75.Google Scholar
Dobell, C. C. (1909). Researches on the intestinal protozoa of frogs and toads. Quart. J. Micr. Sci. 53, 201.Google Scholar
Dobell, C. C. (1910). On some parasitic protozoa from Ceylon. Spolia Zeylanica. 7, 65.Google Scholar
Dobell, C. C. (1925). Report of the Medical Research Council 1924–5, p. 32.Google Scholar
Dobell, C. C. (1928). Researches on the intestinal protozoa of monkeys and man. I. General introduction. Parasitol. 20, 357.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dobell, C. and Laidlaw, P. P. (1926). On the cultivation of Entamoeba histolytica and some other entozoic amoebae. Parasitol. 18, 283.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dobell, C. and O'Connor, F. W. (1921). The Intestinal Protozoa of Man. London.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Doflein, F. (1916). Lehrbuch der Protozoenkunde, IV. Aufi. Jena.Google Scholar
Drbohlav, J. J. (1925). Culture de Trichomonas sanguxsugae Alexeieff 1911. Ann. Parasitol. 3, 369.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dusoscq, O. and Grassé, P. (1923). Sur les petite flagellés du Calotermes flavicollis Fab. C.R. Acad. Sci. 177, 362.Google Scholar
Dusoscq, O. and Grassé, P. (1924 a). Notes sur les Protistes parasites des Termites de France. I. Trichomonas trypanoides n.sp. C.R. Soc. Biol. 90, 547.Google Scholar
Dusoscq, O. and Grassé, P. (1924 b). Notes sur les Protistes parasites des Termites de France. II. Sur l'évolution de Janickiella grassii Dub. et Gras. C.R. Soc. Biol. 90, 1442.Google Scholar
Escomel, E. (1913). Sur la dysentérie à Trichomonas à Arequipa (Pérou). Bull. Soc. path. exot. 6, 120.Google Scholar
Fox, H. M. (1921). An investigation into the cause of the spontaneous aggregations of flagellates and into the reactions of flagellates to dissolved oxygen. J. Gen. Physiol. 3, 483.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Franchini, G. (1921). Sur lea flagellés intestinaux du type Herpetomonas du Chamaeleon vulgaris et leur culture, et sur lea flagellés du type Herpetomonas du Chakides (Gongylus) ocellatus et Tarentola mauritanica. Bull. Soc. path. exot. 14, 641.Google Scholar
Grassé, P. P. (1926). Contribution á l'étude des flagellés parasites. Arch. Zool. exp. gén. 65, 345.Google Scholar
Hegner, R. W. (1925). Trichomonas vaginalis Donné. Amer. J. Hyg. 5, 302.Google Scholar
Hegner, R. W. and Becker, E. R. (1922). The diagnosis of intestinal flagellates by culture methods. J. Parasitol. Urbana. 9, 15.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hinshaw, H. C. (1926). On the morphology and mitosis of Trichomonas buccalis (Goodey Kofoid). Univ. Calif. Pub. Zool. 29, 159.Google Scholar
Hinshaw, H. C. (1927). Cultivation of T. buccalis, a protozoan of the human mouth. Univ. Calif. Pub. Zool. 31, 31.Google Scholar
Hogue, M. J. (1921). The cultivation of Trichomonas hominis. Amer. J. Trop. Med. 1, 211. (1922). A study of Trichomonas hominis, its cultivation, its inoculation into animals and its staining reaction to vital dyes. Johns Hopkins Hosp. Bull. 33, 437.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Joilos, V. (1911). Studien über parasitische Flagellaten. Arch. Protistenk. 23, 311.Google Scholar
Kessel, J. F. (1925). The ingestion of erythrocytes by Trichomonas hominis and its occurrence in the pus of an amoebic liver abscess. J. Parasit. Urbana. 11, 151.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kessel, J. F. (1928). Intestinal protozoa of monkeys. Univ. Calif. Pub. Zool. 31, 275.Google Scholar
Kessel, J. F. (1928 a). Trichomoniasis in kittens. Trans. Soc. Trap. Med. Hyg. Lond. 22, 61.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kirby, H. (1924). Morphology and mitosis of Dinenympha fibricata n.sp. Univ. Calif. Pub. Zool. 26, 199.Google Scholar
Kirby, H. (1926). The intestinal flagellates of the termite Cryptotermes Hermsi Kirby. Univ. Calif. Pub. Zool. 29, 103.Google Scholar
Kofoid, C. A. (1920). A critical review of the nomenclature of human intestinal flagellates, Cercomonas, Chilomastix, Trichomonas, Tetratrichomonas and Giardia. Univ. Calif. Pub. Zool. 20, 145.Google Scholar
Kofoid, C. A. and Swezy, O. (1915). Mitosis and multiple fission in trichomonad flagellates. Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts and Sci. 51, 287.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kofoid, C. A. and Swezy, O. (1923). On the morphology and behaviour of Pentatrichomonas Ardin-Delteili (Derrieu and Raynaud). Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts and Sci. 20, 373.Google Scholar
Koidzumi, M. (1921). Studies on the intestinal protozoa found in the termites of Japan. Parasitol. 13, 235.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kuczyski, M. H. (1914). Untersuchungen an Trichomonaden. Arch. Protistenk. 33, 119.Google Scholar
Kuczyski, M. H. (1918). Über die Teihmgsvorgange versehiedener Trichomonaden und ihre Organisation im ailgemeinen. Arch. Protistenk. 39, 107.Google Scholar
Kunstler, J. (1884). Trichomonas vaginalis. J. de Micrographie. 8, 317.Google Scholar
Lynch, K. M. (1915). Trichomoniasis of the vagina and the mouth: cultivation of the causative organism and experimental infection. Amer. J. Trop. Dis. 2, 627.Google Scholar
Lynch, K. M. (1915 a). Clinical and experimental trichomoniasis of the intestine with cultivation of causative organism. New York Med. J. 101, 886.Google Scholar
Lynch, K. M. (1922). Cultivation of Trichomonas and the question of differentiation of the flagellates. J. Amer. Med. Ass. 79, 1130.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lynch, K. M. (1924). Notes on the natural and cultural growth of certain intestinal flagellates. Amer. J. Trop. Med. 4, 43.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mackinnon, D. L. (1910). New protist parasites from the intestine of Trichoptera. Parasitol. 3, 246.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Martin, C. H. and Robertson, M. (1911). Further observations on the caecal parasites of fowls, with some reference to the rectal fauna of other vertebrates. Quart. J. Micr. Sci. 57, 53.Google Scholar
Ohira, T. and Noouchi, H. (1917). The cultivation of the Trichomonas of the human mouth. (Tetratrichomonas hominis). J. Exp. Med. 25, 341.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pentimalli, F. (1923). Flagellate del genere “Trichomonas” nel sangue circolante dell' uomo. Ann. d' Igiene Sper. 33, 309.Google Scholar
Plimmer, H. G. (1912). On the blood-parasites found in animals in the Zoological Gardens during the four years 1908–1911. Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1912, p. 406.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Powell, W. N. (1928). On the morphology of Pyrsonympha with a description of three new species from Reticulitermes hespernis Banks. Univ. Calif. Pub. Zool. 31, 179.Google Scholar
Pringault, E. (1920). Étude biologique de Trichonwnas intestinalis. Bull. Soc. path. exot. 13, 800.Google Scholar
Prowazek, S. (1904). Untersuchungen über einige parasitische Flageilaten. Arb. Kais. Gesundh. 21, 1.Google Scholar
Reichenow, E. (1920). Eutrichomastix lacertae im Blut und in blutsaugenden Milben. Centraib. Bakt. I. 84, 466.Google Scholar
Reichenow, E. (1923). Über Darnifiagellatenzüchtung und deren Anwendung zum Nachweis der Flagellaten im Stuhi. Arch. Schiffs. u. Tropen-Hyg. 27, 367.Google Scholar
Reuling, F. (1921). Zur Morphologie von Trichomonas vaginalis Donné. Arch. Protistenk. 42, 347.Google Scholar
Tanabe, M. (1925). The cultivation of trichomonas from man, cat and owl. J. Parasitol. Urbana. 12, 101.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tanabe, M. (1925 a). A study of Trichomonas from the guinea-pig. J. Parasitol. Urbana. 11, 170.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tanabe, M. (1926). Morphological studies on Trichomonas. J. Parasitol. Urbana. 12, 120.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thomson, J. C. and Robertson, A. (1925). Notes on the cultivation of certain amoebae and flagellates of man, using the technique of Boeck and Drbohlav. J. Trop. Med. and Hyg. 28, 345.Google Scholar
Wenrich, D. H. (1921). The structure and division of Trichomonas muris (Hartmann). J. Morph. 36, 119.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wenyon, C. M. (1907). Observations on the Protozoa in the intestine of Mice. Arch. Protistenk. 1, 169.Google Scholar
Wenyon, C. M. (1920). Historical observation on the possible parthenogenicity of Trichomonas intest inajis and Chilomasgix mesnili with a note on Endotimax nana. J. Trop. Med. 23, 125.Google Scholar
Wenyon, C. M. (1921). Observations on the Intestinal Protozoa of three Egyptian lizards with a note on a cell-invading fungus. Parasitol. 12, 350.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wenyon, C. M. (1921 a). Trans. Soc. Trop. Med. and Hyg. 15, 153.Google Scholar
Wenyon, C. M. (1926). Protozoology. London.Google Scholar
Wenyon, C. M. and O'Connor, F. W. (1917). Human Intestinal Protozoa in the Near East. London.Google Scholar