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Pharmacological action of tick saliva upon haemostasis and the neutralization ability of sera from repeatedly infested hosts

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 July 2009

J. RECK Jr. ,
M. BERGER ,
F. S. MARKS ,
R. B. ZINGALI ,
C. W. CANAL ,
C. A. S. FERREIRA ,
J. A. GUIMARÃES  and
C. TERMIGNONI
J. RECK Jr.
Affiliation:
Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre - RS - Brazil
M. BERGER
Affiliation:
Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre - RS - Brazil
F. S. MARKS
Affiliation:
Departamento de Patologia Clínica Veterinária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre - RS - Brazil
R. B. ZINGALI
Affiliation:
Instituto de Bioquímica Médica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro - RJ - Brazil
C. W. CANAL
Affiliation:
Departamento de Patologia Clínica Veterinária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre - RS - Brazil
C. A. S. FERREIRA
Affiliation:
Departamento de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Faculdade de Biociências, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre - RS - Brazil
J. A. GUIMARÃES
Affiliation:
Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre - RS - Brazil
C. TERMIGNONI*
Affiliation:
Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre - RS - Brazil Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre - RS - Brazil
*
*Corresponding author: Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, P.O. Box 15005, ZIP Code 91501-970, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. Tel: +55 51 33086082. Fax +55 51 33087309. E-mail: ctermignoni@cbiot.ufrgs.br.
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Summary

Ticks are blood-feeding arthropods widely distributed in the world and vectors of several diseases. As haematophagy demands evasion strategies and repeatedly infested hosts develop protective immune responses, we investigated the mechanisms of the Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus saliva anti-haemostatic activity and the possible relationship between the acquired natural anti-tick host resistance and anti-haemostatic action. For this purpose, we studied the effects of R. microplus saliva on different pathways of haemostasis and tested whether repeated infested bovine sera (RIBS) are able to abolish salivary anti-haemostatic activities. R. microplus saliva (i) displays inhibitory activity upon collagen-induced platelet aggregation; (ii) inhibits the induction of endothelial pro-coagulant state; and (iii) reduces thrombogenesis in vivo. RIBS were shown to be able to partially block the delay of coagulation and the anti-thrombotic effect of saliva, and to totally abolish the modulation of endothelium activation. Conversely, RIBS has no effect on the inhibition of platelet aggregation. These results show, for the first time, the neutralization ability of sera from acquired resistance hosts against tick anti-haemostatics. Moreover, this is the first report of a haematophagous parasite able to modulate endothelial cell pro-coagulant state, and addresses the presence of anti-platelet and anti-thrombotic activity in R. microplus saliva.

Keywords

Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplustickhaematophagoushaemostasiscoagulationplateletendotheliumthrombosisbovine resistance
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 136 , Issue 11 , September 2009 , pp. 1339 - 1349
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2009

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