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Anthelmintic activity of chicory (Cichorium intybus): in vitro effects on swine nematodes and relationship to sesquiterpene lactone composition

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 March 2016

ANDREW R. WILLIAMS ,
MIGUEL A. PEÑA-ESPINOZA ,
ULRIK BOAS ,
HENRIK T. SIMONSEN Open the ORCID record for HENRIK T. SIMONSEN [Opens in a new window] ,
HEIDI L. ENEMARK  and
STIG M. THAMSBORG
ANDREW R. WILLIAMS*
Affiliation:
Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
MIGUEL A. PEÑA-ESPINOZA
Affiliation:
National Veterinary Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
ULRIK BOAS
Affiliation:
National Veterinary Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
HENRIK T. SIMONSEN
Affiliation:
Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
HEIDI L. ENEMARK
Affiliation:
National Veterinary Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
STIG M. THAMSBORG
Affiliation:
Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
*
*Corresponding author: Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark. E-mail: arw@sund.ku.dk
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Summary

Chicory is a perennial crop that has been investigated as a forage source for outdoor-reared ruminants and pigs, and has been reported to have anthelmintic properties. Here, we investigated in vitro anthelmintic effects of forage chicory-extracts against the highly prevalent swine parasites Ascaris suum and Oesophagostomum dentatum. Methanol extracts were prepared and purified from two different cultivars of chicory (Spadona and Puna II). Marked differences were observed between the anthelmintic activity of extracts from the two cultivars. Spadona extracts had potent activity against A. suum third (L3) and fourth (L4) – stage larvae, as well as O. dentatum L4 and adults, whereas Puna II extracts had less activity against A. suum and no activity towards O. dentatum L4. Transmission-electron microscopy of A. suum L4 exposed to Spadona extracts revealed only subtle changes, perhaps indicative of a specific anthelmintic effect rather than generalized toxicity. Ultra-high liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis revealed that the purified extracts were rich in sesquiterpene lactones (SL), and that the SL profile differed significantly between cultivars. This is the first report of anthelmintic activity of forage chicory towards swine nematodes. Our results indicate a significant anthelmintic effect, which may possibly be related to SL composition.

Keywords

ChicoryanthelminticAscaris suumOesophagostomum dentatumsesquiterpene lactones
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 143 , Issue 6 , May 2016 , pp. 770 - 777
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Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2016 

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