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Attempts to induce resistance to Schistosoma mansoni and S. haematobium in Kenyan baboons (Papio anubis) using non-specific immunostimulants

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 April 2009

R. F. Sturrock ,
B. J. Cottrell ,
A. A. F. Mahmoud ,
L. Chedid  and
R. Kimani
R. F. Sturrock
Affiliation:
Department of Medical Helminthology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street (Gower Street), London WC1E 7HT
B. J. Cottrell
Affiliation:
Department of Medical Helminthology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street (Gower Street), London WC1E 7HT
A. A. F. Mahmoud
Affiliation:
Department of Medical Helminthology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street (Gower Street), London WC1E 7HT
L. Chedid
Affiliation:
Department of Medical Helminthology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street (Gower Street), London WC1E 7HT
R. Kimani
Affiliation:
Department of Medical Helminthology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street (Gower Street), London WC1E 7HT
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Extract

Non-specific immunostimulants were used in an attempt to protect baboons from infection by schistosomes. Subcutaneous vaccination with cord factor (4·50 mg) and muramyl dipeptide (4·56 mg) 6 days before percutaneous exposure to 3000 Schistosoma haematobium cercariae/baboon (c.p.b.) failed to protect naive baboons: baboons with a 7-month-old, 5000 c.p.b. S. haenzatobium primary infection had developed too strong a natural immunity to detect any protection attributable to vaccination. Subcutaneous vaccination with 0·4 ml of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BOG, 1–8 x 108 colony forming units7sol;ml) 4 days before exposure to 1000 c.p.b. S. mansoni gave a significant (38%) reduction in worm load compared with controls. However, vaccination with 0·8 (intramuscular) and 0·2 (intradermal) ml of BOG 11 days before exposure to S. mansoni 800 c.p.b. did not protect naive baboons, nor did it significantly reduce challenge worm recovery from baboons with a 13-week-old, 500 c.p.b. S. mansoni primary infection. Obvious pathology was seen at the site of vaccination in the first but not the second BCG experiment. These results partly support the findings in mice that non-specific macrophage and monocyte activators give partial protection against schistosome infections but they also illustrate that rodents and primates do not necessarily react identically. Hence, findings from rodent models should be extrapolated to man with some caution.

Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 90 , Issue 1 , February 1985 , pp. 101 - 110
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1985

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