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Avian trypanosomes in Simulium and sparrowhawks(Accipiter nisus)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 April 2009

M. F. Dirie ,
R. W. Ashford ,
L. M. Mungomba ,
D. H. Molyneux  and
E. E. Green
M. F. Dirie
Affiliation:
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Salford, Salford M5 4WT
R. W. Ashford
Affiliation:
Department of Parasitology, School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool L3 5QA
L. M. Mungomba
Affiliation:
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Salford, Salford M5 4WT
D. H. Molyneux
Affiliation:
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Salford, Salford M5 4WT
E. E. Green
Affiliation:
Imperial College, Imperial College at Silwood Park, Ascot, Berks SL5 7PY
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Extract

Isolates of avian trypanosomes from nestling sparrowhawks (Accipiter nisus) and from Simulium latipes were compared by isoenzyme electrophoresis with the previously described avian trypanosomes Trypanosoma corvi and T. everetti. Simulium isolates developed into trypomastigotes in semi-defined medium at 37 °C confirming that they belong to the genus Trypanosoma. Cellulose acetate electrophoresis (CAE) and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) methods were employed. A total of 11 enzymes was examined, of which 8 gave satisfactory results for all lysates (MDH, ICD, PGM, 6PGD, SOD, PEP I, PEP II and PEP D). The zymograms of 3 isolates from Simulium and 4 from A. nisus were similar indicating that they were the same organism and the isoenzyme patterns coincided with those of T. corvi. It is concluded that A. nisus and S. latipes are infected with T. corvi. Flagellate infections were found in the midgut, hindgut and rectum of Simulium where large numbers of epimastigotes were found in the lumen and attached to the cuticular intima of the rectal ampullae by hemidesmosomes at the distal end of an expanded flagellum. Out of 285 nestling sparrowhawks 13 (5%) were infected with trypanosomes. In view of their age and inability to preen themselves it is suggested they became infected via infected prey.

Keywords

bird trypanosomesSimuliumhost–parasite relationshipisoenzyme electrophoresis
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 101 , Issue 2 , October 1990 , pp. 243 - 247
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1990

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