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Classical transmitters and their receptors in flatworms

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 March 2006

P. RIBEIRO ,
F. EL-SHEHABI  and
N. PATOCKA
P. RIBEIRO
Affiliation:
Institute of Parasitology, McGill University, Macdonald Campus, 21,111 Lakeshore Road, Ste. Anne de Bellevue Quebec, Canada H9X 3V9.
F. EL-SHEHABI
Affiliation:
Institute of Parasitology, McGill University, Macdonald Campus, 21,111 Lakeshore Road, Ste. Anne de Bellevue Quebec, Canada H9X 3V9.
N. PATOCKA
Affiliation:
Institute of Parasitology, McGill University, Macdonald Campus, 21,111 Lakeshore Road, Ste. Anne de Bellevue Quebec, Canada H9X 3V9.
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Abstract

The flatworm nervous system employs a wide repertoire of neuroactive substances, including small chemical messengers, the so called classical transmitters, and several types of neuropeptides. A large body of research accumulated over four decades has provided a wealth of information on the tissue localization and effects of these substances, their biochemistry and, recently, their molecular modes of action in all major classes of flatworms. This evidence will be reviewed, with particular emphasis on the small (classical) transmitters and the receptors that mediate their effects. One of the themes that will emerge from this discussion is that classical transmitters regulate core activities such as movement, metabolism and transport, and thus are essential for survival of the organism. In addition, the evidence shows that flatworms have multiple neurotransmitter receptors, many with unusual pharmacological features, which make them particularly attractive as drug targets. Understanding the molecular basis of these distinctive properties, and developing new, more specific receptor agonists and antagonists will undoubtedly become a major challenge in future research.

Keywords

FlatwormsplatyhelminthsneurotransmittersserotoninacetylcholineG protein coupled receptors (GPCR)nicotinic receptors
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 131 , Supplement S1: Parasite neuromusculature and its utility as a drug target , October 2005 , pp. S19 - S40
Copyright
2005 Cambridge University Press

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