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Control options for Neospora caninum – is there anything new or are we going backwards?

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 March 2014

MICHAEL P. REICHEL ,
MILTON M. McALLISTER ,
WILLIAM E. POMROY ,
CARLOS CAMPERO ,
LUIS M. ORTEGA-MORA  and
JOHN T. ELLIS
MICHAEL P. REICHEL*
Affiliation:
School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, University of Adelaide, Roseworthy Campus, Roseworthy SA 5371, Australia School of Medical and Molecular Biosciences, University of Technology, Sydney, PO Box 123, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia
MILTON M. McALLISTER
Affiliation:
School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, University of Adelaide, Roseworthy Campus, Roseworthy SA 5371, Australia
WILLIAM E. POMROY
Affiliation:
Institute of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
CARLOS CAMPERO
Affiliation:
Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), 7620 Balcarce, Argentina
LUIS M. ORTEGA-MORA
Affiliation:
SALUVET, Animal Health Department, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n 28040-Madrid, Spain
JOHN T. ELLIS
Affiliation:
School of Medical and Molecular Biosciences, University of Technology, Sydney, PO Box 123, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia
*
* Corresponding author: School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, University of Adelaide, Roseworthy Campus, Roseworthy SA 5371, Australia. E-mail: michael.reichel@adelaide.edu.au.
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Summary

Recent work has highlighted and enumerated the economic annual losses due to Neospora caninum abortions worldwide, which should provide strong motivation for the control of bovine neosporosis. However, with the recent withdrawal from sale of the only commercially available vaccine, control options for N. caninum have become more restricted. While researchers continue to work on developing alternative efficacious vaccines, what are the control options presently available for the cattle industries? At the practical level, recommendations for ‘Test-and-cull’, or ‘not breeding from seropositive dams’ stand diametrically opposed to alternative options put forward that suggest a primary producer is better advised to keep those cows in the herd that are already seropositive, i.e. assumed to be chronically infected, and indeed those that have already aborted once. Treatment with a coccidiostat has been recommended as the only economically viable option, yet no such treatment has gained official, regulatory approval. Dogs are central to the life cycle of N. caninum and have repeatedly been associated with infection and abortions in cattle by epidemiological studies. Knowledge and understanding of that pivotal role should be able to be put to use in control programmes. The present review canvasses the relevant literature for evidence for control options for N. caninum (some of them proven, many not) and assesses them in the light of the authors’ knowledge and experience with control of N. caninum.

Keywords

Neospora caninumcattlecontroleconomics
Type
Special Issue Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 141 , Special Issue 11: ApiCOWplexa 2013 – 2nd International Meeting on Apicomplexan Parasites in Farm Animals , September 2014 , pp. 1455 - 1470
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Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2014 

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