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Cytokine expression in dogs with natural Leishmania infantum infection

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 June 2009

M. A. PANARO ,
O. BRANDONISIO ,
A. CIANCIULLI ,
P. CAVALLO ,
V. LACASELLA ,
P. PARADIES ,
G. TESTINI ,
D. DE CAPRARIIS ,
V. MITOLO  and
D. OTRANTO
M. A. PANARO
Affiliation:
Department of Human Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bari, Piazza G. Cesare, 70100 Bari, Italy
O. BRANDONISIO
Affiliation:
Department of Internal Medicine, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bari, Piazza G. Cesare, 70100 Bari, Italy
A. CIANCIULLI
Affiliation:
Department of Human Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bari, Piazza G. Cesare, 70100 Bari, Italy
P. CAVALLO
Affiliation:
Department of Human Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bari, Piazza G. Cesare, 70100 Bari, Italy
V. LACASELLA
Affiliation:
Department of Internal Medicine, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bari, Piazza G. Cesare, 70100 Bari, Italy
P. PARADIES
Affiliation:
Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, Strada Provinciale per Casamassima Km. 3, 70010 Valenzano, Bari, Italy
G. TESTINI
Affiliation:
Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, Strada Provinciale per Casamassima Km. 3, 70010 Valenzano, Bari, Italy
D. DE CAPRARIIS
Affiliation:
Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, Strada Provinciale per Casamassima Km. 3, 70010 Valenzano, Bari, Italy
V. MITOLO
Affiliation:
Department of Human Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bari, Piazza G. Cesare, 70100 Bari, Italy
D. OTRANTO*
Affiliation:
Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, Strada Provinciale per Casamassima Km. 3, 70010 Valenzano, Bari, Italy
*
*Corresponding author: Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, Strada Provinciale per Casamassima Km. 3, 70010 Valenzano, Bari, Italy. Tel/fax: +39 080 4679839. E-mail: d.otranto@veterinaria.uniba.it
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Summary

The aim of this study was to evaluate cytokine expression in 22 Leishmania infantum naturally infected dogs, in order to correlate this parameter with the clinical status of infected animals. After 4 and 8 months from the first diagnosis of Leishmania infection, clinical and laboratory examination of dogs was performed and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were isolated. The cytokine profile was analysed in terms of IFN-gamma, IL-4, IL-10 and TNF-alpha mRNA expression in cultured PBMC by a semi-quantitative reverse transcriptase-PCR. Thirteen out of 22 Leishmania-infected dogs remained asymptomatic in the follow-up, while 9 showed clinical signs of leishmaniasis. IL-4, IL-10, TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma mRNA levels were not significantly different in asymptomatic compared to symptomatic animals 4 months from the diagnosis of Leishmania infection, but were significantly higher in symptomatic versus asymptomatic dogs after 8 months from diagnosis. In addition, IL-4, IL-10 and TNF-alpha mRNA levels significantly increased only in symptomatic dogs at 8 months, in comparison to the levels found at 4 months. These results show a mixed Th1 and Th2 cytokine response in Leishmania-infected dogs, with higher cytokine expression in dogs with manifest clinical disease, during the second follow-up after 8 months from the first diagnosis of infection.

Keywords

Leishmaniacanine leishmaniasisIFN-gammaIL-10IL-4TNF-alpha
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 136 , Issue 8 , July 2009 , pp. 823 - 831
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2009

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