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Efficacy of two praziquantel treatments among primary school children in an area of high Schistosoma mansoni endemicity, Nile Delta, Egypt

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 November 2010

RASHIDA BARAKAT  and
HALA EL MORSHEDY
RASHIDA BARAKAT*
Affiliation:
Department of Tropical Health, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Egypt
HALA EL MORSHEDY
Affiliation:
Department of Tropical Health, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Egypt
*
*Corresponding author: High Institute of Public Health, 165 El Horeyya Avenue, El Hadara, Alexandria, Egypt. Tel: +2010 542 7011. Fax: +203 428 8436. E-mail: Barakat@dataxprs.com.eg
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Summary

Praziquantel is the cornerstone of schistosomiasis control. A number of reports from endemic areas suggest that resistance or tolerance to praziquantel might exist in Schistosoma mansoni. Several explanations were postulated. The present work was designed to test the hypothesis that a low praziquantel (pzq) cure rate in Egypt is due to survival and maturation of immature stages that escaped pzq, which is effective against mature S. mansoni worms only. The study sample included 1351 children attending El Rouse primary school located in El Rouse village, Nile Delta, Egypt. All children received 2 pzq doses (40 mg/kg) 4 weeks apart. Diagnosis of S. mansoni infection and cure assessment were based on examination of 2 Kato slides prepared from a single stool sample collected before and 4 weeks after the first and second treatments. The cure rate was 78·8% after the first treatment and increased significantly to 90·8% after the second treatment. Egg reduction rates were 71·2% and 77·2% after 1 and 2 treatments respectively. Pre-treatment intensity of infection has a great influence on cure and egg reduction rates. Our results confirmed that low praziquantel cure rate, in Egypt, might be attributed, even partially, to survival and maturation of the immature S. mansoni stages that escaped pzq that is effective against mature worms only.

Keywords

Schistosoma mansonischistosomiasispraziquantelcure rateegg reduction rateEgypt
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 138 , Issue 4 , April 2011 , pp. 440 - 446
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2010

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