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Evaluation of anthelmintic properties of some plants used as livestock dewormers against Haemonchus contortus infections in sheep

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 August 2004

J. B. GITHIORI ,
J. HÖGLUND ,
P. J. WALLER  and
R. L. BAKER
J. B. GITHIORI
Affiliation:
International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), P.O. Box 30709, 00100, Nairobi, Kenya Department of Parasitology (SWEPAR), National Veterinary Institute and Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-751 89 Uppsala, Sweden
J. HÖGLUND
Affiliation:
Department of Parasitology (SWEPAR), National Veterinary Institute and Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-751 89 Uppsala, Sweden
P. J. WALLER
Affiliation:
Department of Parasitology (SWEPAR), National Veterinary Institute and Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-751 89 Uppsala, Sweden
R. L. BAKER
Affiliation:
International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), P.O. Box 30709, 00100, Nairobi, Kenya
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Abstract

Gastrointestinal helminth infections remain a major constraint to livestock production globally. This study evaluated anthelmintic efficacy of 7 plants used as dewormers by farmers and pastoralists in Kenya. Thus 3 commercial anthelmintics and 7 plant preparations were tested in lambs infected with 5000 or 3000 L3 Haemonchus contortus in 4 experiments. In the first experiment, ivermectin, levamisole and albendazole were tested in 46 lambs. Seven plant preparations of Hagenia abyssinica, Olea europaea var. africana, Annona squamosa, Ananas comosus, Dodonea angustifolia, Hildebrandtia sepalosa and Azadirachta indica were tested in 151 lambs in 3 experiments. All 3 anthelminitics were highly effective in reducing faecal egg counts (FEC) and total worm counts (TWC) in lambs. Plant preparations had varying levels of crude proteins from 2·6% for O. europaea to 18·4% for A. indica. Compared with controls, no significant reductions in FEC were observed for any of the treated groups either 2 or 3 weeks post-treatment. Lambs treated with A. squamosa and A. comosus were slaughtered 4 weeks post-treatment. No significant differences were observed in mean TWC or number of eggs per female worm between treated animals and the controls. No significant improvements in weight gain were observed in treated lambs.

Keywords

Haemonchus contortussheepmedicinal plantsanthelminticKenya
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 129 , Issue 2 , August 2004 , pp. 245 - 253
Copyright
2004 Cambridge University Press

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