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Glycans in the roles of parasitological diagnosis and host–parasite interplay

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 May 2019

Carolina De Marco Veríssimo ,
Carlos Graeff-Teixeira ,
Malcolm K. Jones  and
Alessandra L. Morassutti Open the ORCID record for Alessandra L. Morassutti [Opens in a new window]
Carolina De Marco Veríssimo
Affiliation:
Escola de Ciências, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga 6681, Porto Alegre RS 90619-900 Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, 2017, University Road, Belfast, BT7 1NN, Northern Ireland, UK
Carlos Graeff-Teixeira
Affiliation:
Escola de Ciências, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga 6681, Porto Alegre RS 90619-900 Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Malcolm K. Jones
Affiliation:
School of Veterinary Science, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Qld, 4072 Brisbane, Australia
Alessandra L. Morassutti*
Affiliation:
Escola de Ciências, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga 6681, Porto Alegre RS 90619-900 Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
*
Author for correspondence: Alessandra Loureiro Morassutti, E-mail: almorassutti@gmail.com
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Abstract

The investigation of the glycan repertoire of several organisms has revealed a wide variation in terms of structures and abundance of glycan moieties. Among the parasites, it is possible to observe different sets of glycoconjugates across taxa and developmental stages within a species. The presence of distinct glycoconjugates throughout the life cycle of a parasite could relate to the ability of that organism to adapt and survive in different hosts and environments. Carbohydrates on the surface, and in excretory-secretory products of parasites, play essential roles in host–parasite interactions. Carbohydrate portions of complex molecules of parasites stimulate and modulate host immune responses, mainly through interactions with specific receptors on the surface of dendritic cells, leading to the generation of a pattern of response that may benefit parasite survival. Available data reviewed here also show the frequent aspect of parasite immunomodulation of mammalian responses through specific glycan interactions, which ultimately makes these molecules promising in the fields of diagnostics and vaccinology.

Keywords

Glycanshelminthimmune responseparasiteprotozoa
Type
Review Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 146 , Issue 10 , September 2019 , pp. 1217 - 1232
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Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2019 

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