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Interaction between the blood fluke, Sanguinicola inermis and humoral components of the immune response of carp, Cyprinus carpio

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 April 2005

M. L. ROBERTS ,
J. W. LEWIS ,
G. F. WIEGERTJES  and
D. HOOLE
M. L. ROBERTS
Affiliation:
Centre for Applied Entomology and Parasitology, Huxley Building, School of Life Sciences, Keele University, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, UK
J. W. LEWIS
Affiliation:
School of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX, UK
G. F. WIEGERTJES
Affiliation:
Cell Biology and Immunology Group, Wageningen Institute of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University, PO Box 338, 6700AH Wageningen, The Netherlands
D. HOOLE
Affiliation:
Centre for Applied Entomology and Parasitology, Huxley Building, School of Life Sciences, Keele University, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, UK
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Abstract

The effect of Sanguinicola inermis on serum antibody and complement activity in Cyprinus carpio was assessed using an ELISA and haemolytic assays. Possible immune evasion strategies were assessed using immunodetection of host proteins on the surface of the parasite. Carp acclimatized to 20 or 25 °C were infected by exposure to 500 cercariae or injected intraperitoneally with 150 cercariae, and serum monitored over a 63-day period. In cercariae-injected carp, irrespective of time and temperature, a significant increase occurred in complement activity being greatest at 25 °C. In addition, fish exposed to the cercariae of S. inermis and maintained at 20 °C the level of complement activity was significantly higher after 5 weeks compared to controls. At 20 °C intraperitoneal injections of parasites increased serum antibody levels which peaked after 7 days. In contrast, at 25 °C, antibody levels were maintained over 63 days. Exposure of fish to infection did not appear to stimulate antibody production. Immunofluorescence studies revealed ‘host-like’ molecules on the surface of the cercarial body exposed to carp serum and adult flukes obtained directly from the fish or cultured for 24 h in L15 medium. The possible role of ‘host-like’ molecules in immune evasion is discussed and the response at different temperatures is related to infection dynamics.

Keywords

Sanguinicola inermisCyprinus carpioantibodycomplementimmune evasion
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 131 , Issue 2 , August 2005 , pp. 261 - 271
Copyright
2005 Cambridge University Press

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