Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-mkpzs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-29T08:08:15.707Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The mini-exon gene: a molecular marker for Endotrypanum schaudinni

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 April 2009

O. Fernandes ,
W. Degrave  and
D. A. Campbell
O. Fernandes
Affiliation:
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fundaçao Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Department of Pathology, Universidade do Estado de Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
W. Degrave
Affiliation:
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA
D. A. Campbell
Affiliation:
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

The mini-exon gene repeats from three different strains of Endotrypanum schaudinni have been amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Sequence analysis of the cloned products shows the gene and intergenic region to be identical in two of the strains (LV86 and M6159); the intergenic region from the mini-exon gene of the third strain (LV59) is significantly different. The LV86 gene and an intergenic probe from the LV59 mini-exon gene do not cross-hybridize with the mini-exon gene from New World Leishmania species. These data provide the basis of a PCR assay to detect E. schaudinni and distinguish it from New World Leishmania species, and which should be applicable to epidemiological studies in insect vectors and mammalian reservoirs. The identification of two different mini-exon gene repeats in E. schaudinni isolates is indicative of further strain variation within this species.

Keywords

Endotrypanum schaudinniLeishmaniamini-exon genetrypanosomatidspolymerase chain reaction
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 107 , Issue 3 , September 1993 , pp. 219 - 224
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1993

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Arias, J. R., Miles, M. A., Naiffi, R. D., Povos, M. M., Freitas, R. A., Biancardi, C. B. & Castellon, E. G. (1985). Flagellate infections of brazilian sand flies (Diptera Psychodidae): Isolation in vitro and biochemical identification of Endotrypanum and Leishmania. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 34, 1098–108.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Beverley, S. M., Ismach, R. B. & McMahon-Pratt, D. (1987). Evolution of the genus Leishmania as revealed by comparisons of nuclear DNA restriction fragment patterns. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 84, 484–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Campbell, D. A., Thornton, D. A. & Boothroyd, J. C. (1984). Apparent discontinuous transcription of Trypanosoma brucei variant surface antigen gene. Nature, London 311, 350–5.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Christensen, H. A. & Herrer, A. (1976). Neotropical sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae), invertebrate hosts of Endotrypanum schaudinni (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatidae). Journal of Medical Entomology 13, 299–303.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Christensen, H. A. & Herrer, A. (1979). Susceptibility of sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) to Trypanosomatidae from two-toed sloths (Edentata: Bradypodidae). Journal of Medical Entomology 16, 424–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Croft, S., Chance, M. L. & Gardener, P. J. (1980). Ultrastructural and biochemical characterization of stocks of Endotrypanum. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 74, 585–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Devereux, J., Haeberli, P. & Smithies, O. (1984). A comprehensive set of sequence analysis programs for the VAX. Nucleic Acids Research 12, 387–95.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Feinberg, A. P. & Vogelstein, B. (1983). A technique of radiolabeling DNA restriction endonuclease fragments to high specific activity. Analytical Biochemistry 132, 3–13.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fernandes, O., Murthy, V. K., Degrave, W. M. & Campbell, D. A. (1992). Mini-exon gene as a tool to analyse Leishmania species. Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz 87 (Suppl. II), 113.Google Scholar
Greig, S. R., Akinsehinwa, F. A., Ashall, F., Lainson, R., Shaw, J. J., Miles, M. A. & Barker, D. C. (1989). The feasibility of discrimination between Leishmania and Endotrypanum using total parasite DNA probes. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 83, 196.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Johnson, D. A., Gautsch, J., Sportsaman, J. R. & Elder, J. H. (1984). Improved technique utilizing non-fat dry milk analysis of proteins and nucleic acids transferred to nitrocellulose. Gene Analytical Techniques 1, 3–8.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lainson, R. (1983). The American Leishmaniases: some observations on their ecology and epidemiology. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 77, 569–96.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lopes, A. H. C. S., Iovannisci, D., Petrillo-Peixoto, M., McMahon-Pratt, D. & Beverley, S. M. (1990). Evolution of nuclear DNA and the occurrence of sequences related to new small chromosomal DNAs in the trypanosomatid genus Endotrypanum. Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology 40, 151–62.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lopes, A. H. C. S. & McMahon-Pratt, D. (1989). Monoclonal antibodies specific for members of the genus Endotrypanum. Journal of Protozoology 36, 354–61.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Murthy, V. K., Dibbern, K. M. & Campbell, D. A. (1992). PCR amplification of mini-exon genes differentiates Trypanosoma cruzi from Trypanosoma rangeli. Molecular and Cellular Probes 6, 237–43.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pacheco, R. S., Thomaz, N. & Momen, H. (1990). kDNA cross-hybridization between Endotrypanum and peripylarian Leishmania. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 84, 531.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Packchanian, A. & Najarian, H. H. (1992). On the cultivation and biology of Endotrypanum schaudinni. Texas Reports in Biology and Medicine 20, 397–413.Google Scholar
Sambrook, J., Fritsch, E. F. & Maniatis, T. (1989). Molecular Cloning: a Laboratory Manual, 2nd Edn.New York: Cold Spring Harbor Press.Google Scholar
Shaw, J. J. (1964). A possible vector of Endotrypanum schaudinni of the sloth Choloepus hoffmanni, in Panama. Nature, London 201, 417–18.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
World Health Organization (1990). Control of Leishmaniasis. Technical Report Series, No. 793, pp. 1–158.Google Scholar