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Mixed life-history strategies in a local population of the ectoparasitic fly Carnus hemapterus

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 May 2012

M. AMAT-VALERO ,
R. VÁCLAV ,
T. MARTÍNEZ  and
F. VALERA
M. AMAT-VALERO*
Affiliation:
Departamento de Ecología Funcional y Evolutiva, Estación Experimental de Zonas Áridas (EEZA-CSIC), Ctra. Sacramento s/n, La Cañada de San Urbano, 04120 Almería, Spain
R. VÁCLAV
Affiliation:
Institute of Zoology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 84506 Bratislava, Slovakia
T. MARTÍNEZ
Affiliation:
C/Catavieja 31. 1°B, 04007 Almería, Spain
F. VALERA
Affiliation:
Departamento de Ecología Funcional y Evolutiva, Estación Experimental de Zonas Áridas (EEZA-CSIC), Ctra. Sacramento s/n, La Cañada de San Urbano, 04120 Almería, Spain
*
*Corresponding author: Departamento de Ecología Funcional y Evolutiva, Estación Experimental de Zonas Áridas (EEZA-CSIC), Ctra. Sacramento s/n, La Cañada de San Urbano, 04120 Almería, Spain. E-mail: amat@eeza.csic.es
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Summary

A major issue for the proper understanding of the evolution of life-cycle histories is the regulation of voltinism and its variation. Diapause characteristics are known to regulate voltinism, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. This paper studies diapause duration and voltinism variation in a haematophagous diptera parasitizing 2 sympatric hosts with very different breeding phenologies. We hypothesize that bivoltinism will be more frequent in carnid flies parasitizing an early breeding, multi-brooded species than in flies parasitizing a late breeder, single-brooded species. We obtained evidence of the co-occurrence of uni- and bivoltinism in both clutches of the multi-brooded Spotless starling (Sturnus unicolor) as well as in clutches of the single-brooded European roller (Coracias garrulus). Unexpectedly, the proportion of bivoltine flies was similar in both host species. A remarkable degree of host-parasite synchronization at the population level was found for bivoltine flies. Our findings reveal the facultative nature of diapause in Carnus. We discuss the influence of abiotic conditions and host availability on polymorphism in life-history cycles and the consequences both for the parasite and the host.

Keywords

Carnus hemapterusvoltinismdiapauselife-history strategiesphenotypic plasticity
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 139 , Issue 8 , July 2012 , pp. 1045 - 1053
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2012

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