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New parasitological findings for pre-Hispanic camelids

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 July 2017

V. TAGLIORETTI ,
M. H. FUGASSA ,
D. RINDEL  and
N. H. SARDELLA
V. TAGLIORETTI*
Affiliation:
Paleoparasitología y Arqueología Contextual, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Juan B. Justo 2550, 7600 Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina Laboratorio de Paleoparasitología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Funes 3350, 7600 Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
M. H. FUGASSA
Affiliation:
Laboratorio de Paleoparasitología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Funes 3350, 7600 Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
D. RINDEL
Affiliation:
Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto Nacional de Antropología y Pensamiento Latinoamericano, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
N. H. SARDELLA
Affiliation:
Paleoparasitología y Arqueología Contextual, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Juan B. Justo 2550, 7600 Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
*
*Corresponding author: Paleoparasitología y Arqueología Contextual, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Juan B. Justo 2550, 7600 Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina, and Laboratorio de Paleoparasitología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Funes 3350, 7600 Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina. E-mail: veronicataglioretti@hotmail.com
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Summary

Paleoparasitological examination provides information of parasite–host associations in the past, shedding light on the geographical origin of some parasites, on the possible dispersal routes and on some of the processes that modelled the parasitic communities. The aim of the present study was to examine parasite remains present in camelid coprolites collected from the archaeological site Alero Destacamento Guardaparque, Patagonia and to discuss the paleoparasitological findings in a biogeographical and paleoecological context. Coprolites were collected from different stratified layers dating from middle to late Holocene, a period covering approximately 7000 years. Paleoparasitological examination revealed the presence of eggs attributed to Lamanema chavezi or Nematodirus lamae, Nematodirus spathiger, Dictyocaulus sp., eggs of two unidentified capillariids, Strongylus-type eggs and oocysts of Eimeria macusaniensis. Enteric parasites of camelids had not changed significantly during the Holocene up to the entry of introduced livestock, although environmental conditions fluctuated greatly throughout this period, indicating the stability of these associations over time. This is the first finding of N. spathiger and Dictyocaulus sp. in paleoparasitological record and their presence are associated with the interaction of camelids with introduced livestock, which likely allowed parasite host switching. In the present study, the zoonotic importance of parasites of camelids is also discussed.

Keywords

paleoparasitologycamelidsintroduced livestockhost switchingHolocene
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 144 , Issue 13 , November 2017 , pp. 1763 - 1768
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Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2017 

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