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Parasitological and molecular detection of Trypanosoma spp. in cattle, goats and sheep in Somalia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 September 2020

Ahmed A. Hassan-Kadle Open the ORCID record for Ahmed A. Hassan-Kadle [Opens in a new window] ,
Abdalla M. Ibrahim ,
Hamisi S. Nyingilili ,
Abdulkarim A. Yusuf  and
Rafael F. C. Vieira
Ahmed A. Hassan-Kadle*
Affiliation:
Abrar Research and Training Centre, Abrar University, Mogadishu, Somalia Vector-Borne Diseases Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
Abdalla M. Ibrahim
Affiliation:
Abrar Research and Training Centre, Abrar University, Mogadishu, Somalia
Hamisi S. Nyingilili
Affiliation:
Vector and Vector Borne Diseases Institute, Tanga, Tanzania
Abdulkarim A. Yusuf
Affiliation:
Abrar Research and Training Centre, Abrar University, Mogadishu, Somalia Vector-Borne Diseases Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
Rafael F. C. Vieira
Affiliation:
Vector-Borne Diseases Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil Global One Health initiative (GOHi), The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
*
Author for correspondence: Ahmed A. Hassan-Kadle, E-mail: akadle@abrar.edu.so
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Abstract

African animal trypanosomiasis (AAT) affects the livestock of 12.3 million Somalis and constrains their development and wellbeing. There is missing data on AAT in the country after the civil war of the 1990s. Therefore, this study has aimed to assess the prevalence of Trypanosoma spp. in 614 blood samples from cattle (n = 202), goats (n = 206) and sheep (n = 206) in Afgoye and Jowhar districts, Somalia using parasitological and molecular methods. Twenty-one out of 614 (3.4%; 95% CI: 2.1–5.2%) and 101/614 (16.4%; 95% CI: 13.6–19.6%) ruminants were positive for Trypanosoma spp. by buffy coat technique (BCT) and internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1)-polymerase chain reaction (PCR), respectively. Using ITS1-PCR, the highest prevalence was observed in cattle (23.8%; 95% CI: 18.4–30.1%) followed by goats (17.5%; 95% CI: 12.9–23.3%) and sheep (8.3%; 95% CI: 5.1–12.9%). A total of 74/101 (73.3%; 95% CI: 63.5–81.6%) ruminants were shown coinfection with at least two Trypanosome species. The four T. brucei-positive samples have tested negative for T. b. rhodesiense, by the human-serum-resistance-associated-PCR. Trypanosoma evansi, T. godfreyi, T. vivax, T. brucei, T. simiae and T. congolense were the Trypanosoma species found in this study. This is the first study on the molecular detection of Trypanosoma sp. in ruminants in Somalia. Further investigations and control measures are needed to manage Trypanosomiasis spreading in the country. Studies should also focus on the detection of T. b. rhodesiense in the country.

Keywords

AATGlossina sppHATHirshabelleSomaliaSouthwestTrypanosomiasis
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 147 , Issue 14 , December 2020 , pp. 1786 - 1791
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Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press

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Footnotes

*

These authors contributed equally to this work.

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