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Pollution toxicity to the transmission of larval digeneans through their molluscan hosts

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 November 2003

N. J. MORLEY ,
S. W. B. IRWIN  and
J. W. LEWIS
N. J. MORLEY
Affiliation:
School of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, Surrey, TW20 0EX, UK
S. W. B. IRWIN
Affiliation:
School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Ulster, Jordanstown Campus, Shore Road, Newtonabbey, Co. Antrim, Northern Ireland, BT37 0QB, UK
J. W. LEWIS
Affiliation:
School of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, Surrey, TW20 0EX, UK
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Abstract

The increased occurrence of pollutants in ecosystems is a continuing area of concern. It is known that numerous diseases of wild aquatic animals can occur with decreased or increased prevalences in areas associated with high or chronic levels of pollution. This may have serious implications for environmental health. There has consequently been an increasing number of laboratory and field studies on disease transmission under polluted conditions, especially focusing on digeneans of medical or economic importance. The effect of pollutants to the transmission of larval digeneans (miracidia, cercariae, metacercariae) and snail-digenean interactions is therefore considered. An overview and interpretation of the published literature on laboratory and field studies is provided. It is apparent from these studies that the influence of pollutants on digenean transmission is highly complex with much of the observed effects in the laboratory often masked by a complexity of other factors in the field. Future studies would benefit from a standardisation of experimental procedures, increasing the number of combined laboratory and field studies, and increasing the complexity of the experiments undertaken.

Keywords

pollutionmiracidiacercariaemetacercariaemolluscs
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 126 , Issue 7 , March 2003 , pp. S5 - S26
Copyright
© 2003 Cambridge University Press

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