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Population dynamics and diversity of trematode infections in Bithynia siamensis goniomphalos in an irrigated area in northeast Thailand

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 November 2021

Kulthida Y. Kopolrat ,
Paiboon Sithithaworn Open the ORCID record for Paiboon Sithithaworn [Opens in a new window] ,
Nadda Kiatsopit ,
Jutamas Namsanor ,
Opal Pitaksakulrat ,
Patiwat Yasaka ,
Prasert Saichua ,
Weerachai Saijuntha ,
Smarn Tesana Open the ORCID record for Smarn Tesana [Opens in a new window]  and
Ross H. Andrews
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Kulthida Y. Kopolrat
Affiliation:
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
Paiboon Sithithaworn*
Affiliation:
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
Nadda Kiatsopit
Affiliation:
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
Jutamas Namsanor
Affiliation:
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
Opal Pitaksakulrat
Affiliation:
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
Patiwat Yasaka
Affiliation:
Faculty of Management Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan, Surin Campus, Surin, Thailand
Prasert Saichua
Affiliation:
Tropical Medicine Graduate Program, Academic Affairs, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Control of Opisthorchiasis (Southeast Asian Liver fluke Disease), Tropical Disease Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
Weerachai Saijuntha
Affiliation:
Walai Rukhavej Botanical Research Institute, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham 44150, Thailand
Smarn Tesana
Affiliation:
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
Ross H. Andrews
Affiliation:
Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, South Wharf Street, London W2 1NY, UK
Trevor N. Petney
Affiliation:
Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand State Museum of Natural History Karlsruhe, Evolution and Paleontology, Erbprinzenstrasse 13, 76133 Karlsruhe, Germany
*
Author for correspondence: Paiboon Sithithaworn, E-mail: paib_sit@kku.ac.th
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Abstract

Several trematodes including Opisthorchis viverrini utilize Bithynia siamensis goniomphalos as a snail intermediate host in their life cycles. In order to capture a comprehensive range of host–parasite interactions and their transmission dynamic patterns, B. s. goniomphalos were sampled monthly over 4 consecutive years in an irrigated paddy-field habitat in northeast Thailand. Using a standard cercarial shedding method, a high diversity of trematodes (17 types) was recovered. Virgulate xiphidiocercariae were the most prevalent (7.84%) followed by O. viverrini (0.71%). In addition to seasonal and environmental factors, the quantity of irrigation water for rice cultivation correlated with transmission dynamics of trematodes in B. s. goniomphalos. The peak prevalence of all trematode infections combined in the snails shifted from the cool-dry season in 2010–2012 to the hot-dry season in 2013 associated with an increasing quantity of water irrigation. A low frequency of mixed trematode infections was found, indicating that the emergence of virgulate cercariae, but not of O. viverrini, was negatively impacted by the presence of other trematodes in the same snail. Taken together, the observed results suggest that interactions between host and parasite, and hence transmission dynamics, depend on specific characteristics of the parasite and environmental factors including irrigated water for rice cultivation.

Keywords

Bithynia siamensis goniomphalosland use practiceOpisthorchis viverrinipaddy fieldpopulation dynamicstrematode diversityvirgulate trematodewater irrigation schemes
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 149 , Issue 3 , March 2022 , pp. 407 - 417
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Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press

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