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Proliferative kidney disease (PKD) of rainbow trout: temperature- and time-related changes of Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae DNA in the kidney

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 April 2009

K. BETTGE ,
H. SEGNER ,
R. BURKI ,
H. SCHMIDT-POSTHAUS  and
T. WAHLI
K. BETTGE
Affiliation:
Centre for Fish and Wildlife Health, Institute of Animal Pathology, University of Berne, Laenggassstrasse 122, P.O. Box 8466, 3001 Berne, Switzerland
H. SEGNER
Affiliation:
Centre for Fish and Wildlife Health, Institute of Animal Pathology, University of Berne, Laenggassstrasse 122, P.O. Box 8466, 3001 Berne, Switzerland
R. BURKI
Affiliation:
Centre for Fish and Wildlife Health, Institute of Animal Pathology, University of Berne, Laenggassstrasse 122, P.O. Box 8466, 3001 Berne, Switzerland
H. SCHMIDT-POSTHAUS
Affiliation:
Centre for Fish and Wildlife Health, Institute of Animal Pathology, University of Berne, Laenggassstrasse 122, P.O. Box 8466, 3001 Berne, Switzerland
T. WAHLI*
Affiliation:
Centre for Fish and Wildlife Health, Institute of Animal Pathology, University of Berne, Laenggassstrasse 122, P.O. Box 8466, 3001 Berne, Switzerland
*
*Corresponding author: Tel: +41 31 631 24 65. Fax: +41 31 631 26 11. E-mail: thomas.wahli@itpa.unibe.ch
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Summary

Proliferative kidney disease (PKD) of salmonids, caused by Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae, can lead to high mortalities at elevated water temperature. We evaluated the hypothesis that this mortality is caused by increasing parasite intensity. T. bryosalmonae-infected rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were reared at different water temperatures and changes in parasite concentrations in the kidney were compared to cumulative mortalities. Results of parasite quantification by a newly developed real-time PCR agreed with the number of parasites detected by immunohistochemistry, except for very low or very high parasite loads because of heterogenous distribution of the parasites in the kidney. Two experiments were performed, where fish were exposed to temperatures of 12, 14, 16, 18 or 19°C after an initial exposure to an infectious environment at 12–16°C resulting in 100% prevalence of infected fish after 5 to 14 days of exposure. While mortalities differed significantly between all investigated water temperatures, significant differences in final parasite loads were only found between fish kept at 12°C and all other groups. Differences in parasite load between fish kept at 14°C to 19°C were not significant. These findings provide evidence that there is no direct link between parasite intensity and fish mortality.

Keywords

Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonaereal-time PCRtemperatureproliferative kidney diseaserainbow trout
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 136 , Issue 6 , May 2009 , pp. 615 - 625
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2009

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