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Rapid mapping of schistosomiasis and other neglected tropical diseases in the context of integrated control programmes in Africa

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 May 2009

S. BROOKER ,
N. B. KABATEREINE ,
J. O. GYAPONG ,
J. R. STOTHARD  and
J. UTZINGER
S. BROOKER*
Affiliation:
Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, LondonWC1E 7HT, United Kingdom Malaria Public Health and Epidemiology Group, KEMRI/Wellcome Trust Collaborative Programme, P.O. Box 43640 – 00100, Nairobi, Kenya
N. B. KABATEREINE
Affiliation:
National Schistosomiasis and Soil-Transmitted Helminthiasis Control Programme, Vector Control Division, Ministry of Health, P.O. Box 1661, Kampala, Uganda
J. O. GYAPONG
Affiliation:
Health Research Unit, Ghana Health Service, P.O. Box MB-190, Accra, Ghana
J. R. STOTHARD
Affiliation:
Department of Zoology, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, LondonSW7 5BD, United Kingdom
J. UTZINGER
Affiliation:
Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Swiss Tropical Institute, P.O. Box, CH–4002Basel, Switzerland
*
*Corresponding author: Simon Brooker, Malaria Public Health and Epidemiology Group, Kenya Medical Research Institute/Wellcome Trust Collaborative Programme, P.O. Box 43640 – 00100, Nairobi, Kenya. E-mail: simon.brooker@lshtm.ac.uk
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Summary

There is growing interest and commitment to the control of schistosomiasis and other so-called neglected tropical diseases (NTDs). Resources for control are inevitably limited, necessitating assessment methods that can rapidly and accurately identify and map high-risk communities so that interventions can be targeted in a spatially-explicit and cost-effective manner. Here, we review progress made with (1) mapping schistosomiasis across Africa using available epidemiological data and, more recently, climate-based risk prediction; (2) the development and use of morbidity questionnaires for rapid identification of high-risk communities of urinary schistosomiasis; and (3) innovative sampling-based approaches for intestinal schistosomiasis, using the lot quality assurance sampling technique. Experiences are also presented for the rapid mapping of other NTDs, including onchocerciasis, loiasis and lymphatic filariasis. Future directions for an integrated rapid mapping approach targeting multiple NTDs simultaneously are outlined, including potential challenges in developing an integrated survey tool. The lessons from the mapping of human helminth infections may also be relevant for the rapid mapping of malaria as its control efforts are intensified.

Keywords

schistosomiasisneglected topical diseasesgeographical information systemrapid mappingmorbidity questionnaireslot quality assurance samplingintegrated controlAfrica
Type
SECTION 1 ADVOCACY AND DEFINING AREAS IN NEED OF CONTROL
Information
Parasitology , Volume 136 , Special Issue 13: Control of schistosomiasis in sub-Saharan Africa , November 2009 , pp. 1707 - 1718
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2009

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