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Risk maps for the presence and absence of Phlebotomus perniciosus in an endemic area of leishmaniasis in southern Spain: implications for the control of the disease

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 August 2011

S. D. BARÓN ,
F. MORILLAS-MÁRQUEZ ,
M. MORALES-YUSTE ,
V. DÍAZ-SÁEZ ,
C. IRIGARAY  and
J. MARTÍN-SÁNCHEZ
S. D. BARÓN
Affiliation:
Parasitology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Granada University, Cartuja Campus S/N, 18071 Granada, Spain
F. MORILLAS-MÁRQUEZ
Affiliation:
Parasitology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Granada University, Cartuja Campus S/N, 18071 Granada, Spain
M. MORALES-YUSTE
Affiliation:
Parasitology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Granada University, Cartuja Campus S/N, 18071 Granada, Spain
V. DÍAZ-SÁEZ
Affiliation:
Parasitology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Granada University, Cartuja Campus S/N, 18071 Granada, Spain
C. IRIGARAY
Affiliation:
Civil Engineering Department, Higher Technical School of Civil Engineers, Granada University, Fuentenueva Campus S/N, 18071 Granada, Spain
J. MARTÍN-SÁNCHEZ*
Affiliation:
Parasitology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Granada University, Cartuja Campus S/N, 18071 Granada, Spain
*
*Corresponding author: Parasitology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Granada University, Cartuja Campus S/N, 18071 Granada, Spain. Tel: +34 958 242094. Fax: +34 958 243862. E-mail: joaquina@ugr.es
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Summary

The aim of this study was to construct risk maps for the presence of the dominant Leishmania infantum vector, P. perniciosus, and check its usefulness (a) to predict the risk of canine leishmaniasis and (b) to define effective leishmaniasis control measures. We obtained data for the presence/absence of P. perniciosus at 167 sampling sites in southern Spain, from which we also took a series of ecological and climate-related data. The probability of P. perniciosus presence was estimated as a function of these environmental variables and generated spatial risk maps. Altitude, land use and drainage hole features (with or without PVC piping) were retained as the only predictors for the distribution of this vector species. Drainage hole features in retaining walls, with or without PVC piping, produce significant variations in the probability of P. perniciosus presence, varying from 2·3 to 91·8% if PVC piping is absent and from 0·4 to 66·5% if all holes have PVC piping. It was concluded that the use of PVC piping in drainage holes could help to reduce leishmaniasis transmission.

Keywords

Phlebotomus perniciosusLeishmania infantumenvironmental variablesspatial risk mapscontrol of leishmaniasis
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 138 , Issue 10 , September 2011 , pp. 1234 - 1244
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2011

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