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Target sites of anthelmintics

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 June 1997

R. J. MARTIN ,
A. P. ROBERTSON  and
H. BJORN
R. J. MARTIN
Affiliation:
Department of Preclinical Veterinary Sciences, R.(D.)S.V.S., University of Edinburgh, Summerhall, Edinburgh EH9 1QH
A. P. ROBERTSON
Affiliation:
Department of Preclinical Veterinary Sciences, R.(D.)S.V.S., University of Edinburgh, Summerhall, Edinburgh EH9 1QH
H. BJORN
Affiliation:
Department of Pharmacology and Pathobiology, Danish Centre for Experimental Parasitology, Royal Veterinary and Agricultural School, Bülowsvej 13, DK-1850 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
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Abstract

This paper reviews sites of action of anthelmintic drugs including: (1) levamisole and pyrantel, which act as agonists at nicotinic acetylcholine receptors of nematodes; (2) the avermectins, which potentiate or gate the opening of glutamate-gated chloride channels found only in invertebrates; (3) piperazine, which acts as an agonist at GABA gated chloride channels on nematode muscle; (4) praziquantel, which increases the permeability of trematode tegument to calcium and results in contraction of the parasite muscle; (5) the benzimidazoles, like thiabendazole, which bind selectively to parasite β-tubulin and prevents microtubule formation; (6) the proton ionophores, like closantel, which uncouple oxidative phosphorylation; (7) diamphenethide and clorsulon, which selectively inhibit glucose metabolism of Fasciola and; (8) diethylcarbamazine, which appears to interfere with arachidonic acid metabolism of filarial parasites and host. The review concludes with brief comments on the development of anthelmintics in the future.

Keywords

acetylcholine receptorlevamisolepyrantelpiperazineivermectinpraziquantelbenzimidazolesclosanteldiamphenethideclorsulondiethylcarbamazine
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 114 , Issue 7 , June 1997 , pp. 111 - 124
Copyright
© 1997 Cambridge University Press

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