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Visceral leishmaniasis in a recent transmission region: 27.4% infectivity rate among seronegative dogs

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 January 2022

Carolina Novato Gondim Open the ORCID record for Carolina Novato Gondim [Opens in a new window] ,
Sidney de Almeida Ferreira ,
Beatriz Ketelin Sousa Vasconcelos ,
Flademir Wouters ,
Ricardo Toshio Fujiwara ,
Joseane Camilla de Castro  and
Joziana Muniz de Paiva Barçante
Carolina Novato Gondim*
Affiliation:
Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Sidney de Almeida Ferreira
Affiliation:
Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Beatriz Ketelin Sousa Vasconcelos
Affiliation:
Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Zootechnics and Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Flademir Wouters
Affiliation:
Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Zootechnics and Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Ricardo Toshio Fujiwara
Affiliation:
Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Joseane Camilla de Castro
Affiliation:
Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Joziana Muniz de Paiva Barçante
Affiliation:
Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
*
Author for correspondence: Carolina Novato Gondim, E-mail: carolina.gondim@ufla.br
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Abstract

American visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a parasitic disease whose main domestic reservoir in the urban environment is dog and is considered one of the most important zoonoses in the context of public health. Serological tests are typically used for the diagnostic screening of the disease. This study aimed to analyse the performance of different methodologies used in the diagnosis of VL in dogs sampled from a recent transmission area. The sample consisted of 52 dogs separated into groups based on the absence and presence of clinical signs of VL. The following serological techniques were carried out: the DPP® rapid test (RT), the ALERE® RT and an RT and immunoenzymatic assay with a recently developed protein (rKDDR-plus). In addition, molecular techniques were carried out with conjunctival swabs, and bone marrow aspirate samples and parasitological samples were obtained directly from bone marrow aspirates. It was concluded that 27.4% of seronegative dogs were infected, but the serological tests, used as screening tests, showed unsatisfactory sensitivity results (average: 51.2%) for dogs without clinical signs. It was suggested that polymerase chain reaction with conjunctival swabbing be used as a screening test for dogs without clinical signs, as this is a non-invasive collection technique with high-sensitivity values.

Keywords

Conjunctival swabLeishmania infantumPCRrapid testrKDDR-plusserologyzoonosis
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 149 , Issue 5 , April 2022 , pp. 640 - 645
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press

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