Affiliation: Professor of government and director of the Peace Studies Program at Cornell University (mae10@cornell.edu). He is the author of Innovation and the Arms Race: How the United States and the Soviet Union Develop New Military Technologies, Unarmed Forces: The Transnational Movement to End the Cold War, and, most recently, The Chechen Wars: Will Russia Go the Way of the Soviet Union? For comments on an earlier draft, the author is grateful to Mary Katzenstein, Peter Katzenstein, Jack Snyder, and an anonymous reviewer; and for inspiration and discussion, he thanks the students in his sophomore seminar on Gender, Nationalism, and War