Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-jn8rn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-26T07:43:06.998Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Characterization of Sudanese pearl millet germplasm for agro-morphological traits and grain nutritional values

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 July 2013

Elfadil M. A. Bashir ,
Abdelbagi M. Ali ,
Adam M. Ali ,
Albrecht E. Melchinger ,
Heiko K. Parzies  and
Bettina I. G. Haussmann
Elfadil M. A. Bashir
Affiliation:
University of Hohenheim, Institute of Plant Breeding, Seed Science and Population Genetics, Fruwirthstr. 21, D-70599Stuttgart, Germany
Abdelbagi M. Ali
Affiliation:
Agricultural Research Corporation (ARC), PO Box 126, Wad Medani, Sudan
Adam M. Ali
Affiliation:
Agricultural Research Corporation (ARC), PO Box 126, Wad Medani, Sudan
Albrecht E. Melchinger
Affiliation:
University of Hohenheim, Institute of Plant Breeding, Seed Science and Population Genetics, Fruwirthstr. 21, D-70599Stuttgart, Germany
Heiko K. Parzies
Affiliation:
University of Hohenheim, Institute of Plant Breeding, Seed Science and Population Genetics, Fruwirthstr. 21, D-70599Stuttgart, Germany
Bettina I. G. Haussmann*
Affiliation:
University of Hohenheim, Institute of Plant Breeding, Seed Science and Population Genetics, Fruwirthstr. 21, D-70599Stuttgart, Germany
*
*Corresponding author. E-mail: bettina.haussmann@uni-hohenheim.de
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.) is an important staple cereal cultivated in the arid and semi-arid tropics of Asia and Africa, regions severely affected by malnutrition. Knowledge about the extent of genetic variability and patterns of agro-morphological variation in local germplasm from a target region is an important prerequisite for efficient crop improvement. To assess the potential of Sudanese pearl millet landraces as sources of desirable traits for pearl millet improvement including biofortification, a total of 225 accessions were evaluated in Sudan at three locations for agro-morphological traits and at one location for grain mineral nutrient contents (Fe, Zn, Ca, P, K, Mg, Mn, S, Na, Cu and β-carotene). Genetic variation was highly significant, but relatively limited for some agro-morphological traits (62–78 d to flowering, 119–188 cm plant height and 16–34 cm panicle length), pointing to the potential usefulness of a targeted diversification for these traits. Self-pollinated grain micronutrient contents showed a wide variation: 19.7–86.4 mg/kg for Fe and 13.5–82.4 mg/kg for Zn. Significant and positive correlations among most of the nutritional traits were observed; therefore, enhancement of the concentrations of some nutrients will lead to the improvement of other related nutrients. No significant associations were observed between the nutritional and agro-morphological traits, indicating good prospects for simultaneous improvement of both trait categories. No clear patterns of geographic differentiation for specific traits were detected for the Sudanese pearl millet. Nutrient-rich accessions were identified and those with acceptable agro-morphological traits are encouraging materials for future pearl millet biofortification programmes in Sudan.

Keywords

biofortificationgenetic diversitygeographic differentiationpearl milletphenotypic clustersSudan
Type
Research Article
Information
Plant Genetic Resources , Volume 12 , Issue 1 , April 2014 , pp. 35 - 47
Copyright
Copyright © NIAB 2013 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Abdalla, AA, El Tinay, AH, Mohamed, BE and Abdalla, AH (1998) Effect of traditional processes on phytate and mineral content of pearl millet. Food Chemistry 63: 79–84.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ariza-Nieto, M, Blair, MW, Welch, RM and Glahn, RP (2007) Screening of iron bioavailability patterns in eight bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) genotypes using the Caco-2 cell in vitro model. Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry 55: 7950–7956.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ashok Kumar, A, Reddy, BVS, Ramaiah, B, Sanjana Reddy, P, Sahrawat, KL and Upadhyaya, HD (2009) Genetic variability and plant character association of grain Fe and Zn in selected core collection accessions of sorghum germplasm and breeding lines. Jounal of SAT Agricultural Research 7: 1–4.Google Scholar
Ashok Kumar, A, Reddy, BVS, Sahrawat, KL and Ramaiah, B (2010) Combating micronutrient malnutrition: identification of commercial sorghum cultivars with high grain iron and zinc. Journal of SAT Agricultural Research 8: 1–5.Google Scholar
Bänziger, M and Long, J (2000) The potential for increasing the iron and zinc density of maize through plant-breeding. Food & Nutrition Bulletin 21: 397–400.Google Scholar
Boukar, O, Massawe, F, Muranaka, S, Franco, J, Maziya-Dixon, B, Singh, B and Fatokun, C (2011) Evaluation of cowpea germplasm lines for protein and mineral concentrations in grains. Plant Genetic Resources 9: 515–522.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brkić, I, Šimić, D, Zdunić, Z, Jambrović, A, Ledeněan, T, Kovačević, V and Kadar, I (2004) Genotypic variability of micronutrient element concentrations in maize kernels. Cereal Research Communications 32: 107–112.Google Scholar
Buerkert, A, Moser, M, Kumar, AK, Furst, P and Becker, K (2001) Variation in grain quality of pearl millet from Sahelian West Africa. Field Crops Research 69: 1–11.Google Scholar
Cakmak, I, Kalaycı, M, Ekiz, H, Braun, HJ, Kilinc, Y and Yılmaz, A (1999) Zinc deficiency as a practical problem in plant and human nutrition in Turkey: a NATO-science for stability project. Field Crops Research 60: 175–188.Google Scholar
Clotault, J, Thuillet, A-C, Buiron, M, Mita, SD, Couderc, M, Haussmann, BIG, Mariac, C and Vigouroux, Y (2012) Evolutionary history of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.) and selection on flowering genes since its domestication. Molecular Biology and Evolution 29: 1199–1212.Google Scholar
Epler, KS, Ziegler, RG and Craft, NE (1993) Liquid chromatographic method for the determination of carotenoids, retinoids and tocopherols in human serum and in food. Journal of Chromatography B: Biomedical Sciences and Applications 619: 37–48.Google Scholar
FAO-ICRISAT (1996) The world sorghum and millet economies: facts, trends, and outlook. Rome/Patancheru: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations/International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, pp. 1.Google Scholar
Feil, B and Fossati, D (1995) Mineral composition of triticale grains as related to grain yield and grain protein. Crop Science 35: 1426–1431.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fernandez, MGS, Hamblin, MT, Li, L, Rooney, WL, Tuinstra, MR and Kresovich, S (2008) Quantitative trait loci analysis of endosperm color and carotenoid content in sorghum grain. Crop Science 48: 1732.Google Scholar
Govindaraj, M, Selvi, B, Rajarathinam, S and Sumathi, P (2011) Genetic variability and heritability of grain yield components and grain mineral concentration in India's pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.) accessions. African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development 11: 4758–4771.Google Scholar
Govindaraj, M, Rai, KN, Sahnmugasundaram, P, Dwivedi, SL, Sahtrawat, KL, Muthaiah, AR and Rao, AS (2013) Combining ability and heterosis for grain iron and zinc densitifes in pearl millet. Crop Science 53: 507–517.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Graham, R, Senadhira, D, Beebe, S, Iglesias, C and Monasterio, I (1999) Breeding for micronutrient density in edible portions of staple food crops: conventional approaches. Field Crops Research 60: 57–80.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Graham, R, Welch, R and Bouis, H (2001) Addressing micronutrient malnutrition through enhancing the nutritional quality of staple foods: principles, perspectives and knowledge gaps. Advances in Agronomy 70: 77–142.Google Scholar
Hallauer, AR and Miranda, FJB (1988) Quantitative Genetics in Maize Breeding. 2nd edn. Ames, IA: Iowa State University Press.Google Scholar
Hardy, RJ and Thompson, SG (1996) A likelihood approach to meta-analysis with random effects. Statistics in Medicine 15: 619–629.Google Scholar
Harjes, CE, Rocheford, TR, Bai, L, Brutnell, TP, Kandianis, CB, Sowinski, SG, Stapleton, AE, Vallabhaneni, R, Williams, M, Wurtzel, ET, Yan, J and Buckler, ES (2008) Natural genetic variation in lycopene epsilon cyclase tapped for maize biofortification. Science 319: 330–333. DOI: 10.1126/science.1150255.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Harlan, JR (1971) Agricultural origins: centers and noncenters. Science 174: 468–474.Google Scholar
Haussmann, BIG, Parzies, HK, Presterl, T, Susic, Z and Miedaner, T (2004) Plant genetic resources in crop improvement. Plant Genetic Resources: Characterization and Utilization 2: 3–21.Google Scholar
Haussmann, BIG, Boubacar, A, Boureima, SS and Vigouroux, Y (2006) Multiplication and preliminary characterization of West and Central African pearl millet landraces. International Sorghum and Millets Newsletter 47: 110–112.Google Scholar
Haussmann, BIG, Boureima, SS, Kassari, IA, Moumouni, KH and Boubacar, A (2007) Mechanisms of adaptation to climate variability in West African pearl millet landraces – a preliminary assessment. Journal of SAT Agricultural Research 3: 1–3. Available at http://oar.icrisat.org/2624/.Google Scholar
Haussmann, BIG, Rattunde, FH, Weltzien-Rattunde, E, Traoré, PSC, vom Brocke, K and Parzies, HK (2012) Breeding strategies for adaptation of pearl millet and sorghum to climate variability and change in West Africa. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science 198: 327–339.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
House, WA (1999) Trace element bioavailability as exemplified by iron and zinc. Field Crops Research 60: 115–141.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
IBPGR and ICRISAT (1993) Descriptors for Pearl Millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R.Br.). Rome: IBPGR and ICRISAT.Google Scholar
Jiang, SL, Wu, JG, Feng, Y, Yang, XE and Shi, CH (2007) Correlation analysis of mineral element contents and quality traits in milled rice (Oryza sativa L.). Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 55: 9608–9613.Google Scholar
Khairwal, IS, Yadav, SK, Rai, KN, Upadhyaya, HD, Kachhawa, D, Nirwan, B, Bhattacharjee, R, Rajpurohit, BS, Dangaria, CJ and Srikant, S (2007) Evaluation and identification of promising pearl millet germplasm for grain and fodder traits. Journal of SAT Agricultural Research 5: 1–6. Available at http://oar.icrisat.org/2628/.Google Scholar
Khangura, BS, Gill, KS and Phul, PS (1980) Combining ability analysis of beta-carotene, total carotenoids and other grain characteristics in pearl millet. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 56: 91–96.Google Scholar
Malik, M, Singh, U and Dahiya, S (2002) Nutrient composition of pearl millet as influenced by genotypes and cooking methods. Journal of Food Science and Technology 39: 463–468.Google Scholar
Manning, K, Pelling, R, Higham, T, Schwenniger, J-L and Fuller, DQ (2011) 4500-Year old domesticated pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.) from the Tilemsi Valley, Mali: new insights into an alternative cereal domestication pathway. Journal of Archaeological Science 38: 312–322.Google Scholar
Murphy, K, Reeves, P and Jones, S (2008) Relationship between yield and mineral nutrient concentrations in historical and modern spring wheat cultivars. Euphytica 163: 381–390.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Oumar, I, Mariac, C, Pham, J and Vigouroux, Y (2008) Phylogeny and origin of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum [L.] R. Br) as revealed by microsatellite loci. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 117: 489–497.Google Scholar
Payne, RW, Murray, DA and Harding, SA (2011) An Introduction to the GenStat Command Language. 14th edn. VSN International, Hemel Hempstead, UK.Google Scholar
Payne RW and Senn S (2007) GenStat for Windows, META procedure combines estimates from individual trials, 10th edn. Genstat online resource available at http://www.vsni.co.uk/products/genstat/htmlhelp/server/META.htm.Google Scholar
Piepho, H-P and Möhring, J (2007) Computing heritability and selection response from unbalanced plant breeding trials. Genetics 177: 1881–1888.Google Scholar
Prasad, R (2010) Zinc biofortification of food grains in relation to food security and alleviation of zinc malnutrition. Current Science 98: 10–11.Google Scholar
Rao, PP, Birthal, PS, Reddy, BVS, Rai, KN and Ramesh, S (2006) Diagnostics of sorghum and pearl millet grains-based nutrition in India. International Sorghum and Millets Newsletter 47: 93–96. Available at http://oar.icrisat.org/1119/.Google Scholar
Reddy, BVS, Ramesh, S and Longvah, T (2005) Prospects of breeding for micronutrients and β-carotene-dense sorghums. International Sorghum and Millets Newsletter 46: 10–14. Available at http://oar.icrisat.org/1210/.Google Scholar
Selvi, MGB and Rajarathinam, S (2009) Correlation studies for grain yield components and nutritional quality traits in pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.) germplasm. World Journal of Agricultural Sciences 5: 686–689.Google Scholar
Shanmuganathan, M, Gopalan, A and Mohanra, K (2006) Genetic variability and multivariate analysis in pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.) germplasm for dual purpose. Journal of Agricultural Science 2: 73–80.Google Scholar
Sharma, KC, Sharma, RK, Singhania, DL and Singh, D (2003) Variation and character association in fodder yield and related traits in pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.). Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding 63: 115–118.Google Scholar
Šimić, D, Sudar, R, Ledenčan, T, Jambrović, A, Zdunić, Z, Brkić, I and Kovačević, V (2009) Genetic variation of bioavailable iron and zinc in grain of a maize population. Journal of Cereal Science 50: 392–397.Google Scholar
Singh, M and Ceccarelli, S (1995) Estimation of heritability using variety trials data from incomplete blocks. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 90: 142–145.Google Scholar
Thete, RY, Bapat, DR and Ugale, SD (1986) Heterosis in pearl millet. Current Research Reporter 2: 16–25. Available at http://eprints.icrisat.ac.in/6009/.Google Scholar
Tostain, S (1992) Enzyme diversity in pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.). Theoretical and Applied Genetics 83: 733–742.Google Scholar
Upadhyaya, HD, Ramesh, S, Sharma, S, Singh, SK, Varshney, SK, Sarma, NDRK, Ravishankar, CR, Narasimhudu, Y, Reddy, VG, Sahrawat, KL, Dhanalakshmi, TN, Mgonja, MA, Parzies, HK, Gowda, CLL and Singh, S (2011) Genetic diversity for grain nutrients contents in a core collection of finger millet (Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn.) germplasm. Field Crops Research 121: 42–52.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vallabhaneni, R, Gallagher, CE, Licciardello, N, Cuttriss, AJ, Quinlan, RF and Wurtzel, ET (2009) Metabolite sorting of a germplasm collection reveals the hydroxylase3 locus as a new target for maize provitamin A biofortification. Plant Physiology 151: 1635–1645. DOI: 10.1104/pp.109.145177.Google Scholar
VDLUFA (2009) Handbuch der Landwirtschaftlichen Versuchs-und Untersuchungsmethodik (VDLUFA-Methodenbuch) Band VII (Umweltanalytik). Speyer: VDLUFA (Association of German Agricultural Analytic and Research Institutes). Available at http://www.vdlufa.de/Methodenbuch/.Google Scholar
Velu, G, Rai, KN, Muralidharan, V, Kulkarni, VN, Longvah, T and Raveendran, TS (2007) Prospects of breeding biofortified pearl millet with high grain iron and zinc content. Plant Breeding 126: 182–185.Google Scholar
Velu G, Rai KN, Sahrawat KL and Sumalini K (2008a) Variability for grain iron and zinc contents in pearl millet hybrids. Journal of SAT Agricultural Research 6: 1–4.Google Scholar
Velu G, Bhattacharjee R, Rai KN, Sahrawat KL and Longvah (2008b) A simple and rapid screening method for grain zinc content in pearl millet. Journal of SAT Agricultural Research 6: 1–4.Google Scholar
Ward, JH (1963) Hierarchical grouping to optimize an objective function. Journal of the American Statistical Association 58: 236–244.Google Scholar
Wilson, JP, Burton, GW, Zongo, JD and Dicko, IO (1990) Diversity among pearl millet landraces collected in Central Burkina Faso. Crop Science 30: 40–43.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yan, J, Kandianis, CB, Harjes, CE, Bai, L, Kim, EH, Yang, X, Skinner, DJ, Fu, Z, Mitchell, S, Li, Q, Fernandez, MG, Zaharieva, M, Babu, R, Fu, Y, Palacios, N, Li, J, Dellapenna, D, Brutnell, T, Buckler, ES, Warburton, ML and Rocheford, T (2010) Rare genetic variation at Zea mays crtRB1 increases β-carotene in maize grain. Nature Genetics 42: 322–327. DOI:10.1038/ng.551.Google Scholar
Zia-Ul-Haq, M, Iqbal, S, Ahmad, S, Imran, M, Niaz, A and Bhanger, MI (2007) Nutritional and compositional study of Desi chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) cultivars grown in Punjab, Pakistan. Food Chemistry 105: 1357–1363.Google Scholar
Supplementary material: File

Bashir Supplementary Material

Appendix

Download Bashir Supplementary Material(File)
File 149 KB
Supplementary material: File

Bashir Supplementary Material

Appendix

Download Bashir Supplementary Material(File)
File 139.6 KB