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Genetic characterization and divergence studies of maize (Zea mays L.) lines developed from landraces indigenous to North Eastern Hill Region (NEHR) of India

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 October 2020

K. L. Naveenkumar ,
Devyani Sen Open the ORCID record for Devyani Sen [Opens in a new window] ,
Shimreiso Vashum  and
Miranda Sanjenbam
K. L. Naveenkumar
Affiliation:
School of Crop Improvement, College of Post-Graduate Studies in Agricultural Sciences, Central Agricultural University (Imphal), Umroi Road, Umiam793103, Meghalaya, India
Devyani Sen*
Affiliation:
School of Crop Improvement, College of Post-Graduate Studies in Agricultural Sciences, Central Agricultural University (Imphal), Umroi Road, Umiam793103, Meghalaya, India
Shimreiso Vashum
Affiliation:
School of Crop Improvement, College of Post-Graduate Studies in Agricultural Sciences, Central Agricultural University (Imphal), Umroi Road, Umiam793103, Meghalaya, India
Miranda Sanjenbam
Affiliation:
School of Crop Improvement, College of Post-Graduate Studies in Agricultural Sciences, Central Agricultural University (Imphal), Umroi Road, Umiam793103, Meghalaya, India
*
*Corresponding author. E-mail: devyani.sen@gmail.com
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Abstract

The current study focused on characterization of the underlying genetic divergence in inbred lines developed from local landraces of North Eastern Hill Region of India – a designated Asiatic maize diversity centre – following six generations of inbreeding. Substantial genetic differentiation was indicated based on very high to moderate Fst values for 22 of the 38 simple sequence repeat markers studied. STRUCTURE analysis partitioned the subset into two distinct and one admixture subgroup (Populations I, II and III respectively) accompanied by a significant reduction in heterozygosity. Population II was further subdivided into subpopulations Pop-M9 and Pop-T9. Nei's pairwise genetic distance and population Fst values indicated that Populations I and II were more divergent with neighbour joining clustering analysis clearly defining landraces originating from the states of Tripura (Population II) and Sikkim (Population I) as most divergent. Principal coordinates analysis could explain 31.26% of the variation present in the subgroups wherein Population I was more variable. Analysis of molecular variance and Fst coefficients (P < 0.001) indicated 17% population structuring with 55% variation detected for individuals within populations. These results combined with the presence of phenotypic variability in the subgroups for yield traits supported by results of a preliminary partial diallel analysis strongly suggest the existence of distinct heterotic groups. Divergence studies are crucial for exploiting heterosis, and the current study would go a long way to help establish a germplasm base for developing varieties with improved agronomic performance and surer commercial prospects no reports of which are available thus far.

Keywords

Asiatic maize landracesgenetic divergencemaizeNorth East Indiapopulation structureSSR (simple sequence repeat) markers
Type
Research Article
Information
Plant Genetic Resources , Volume 18 , Issue 4 , August 2020 , pp. 231 - 242
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of NIAB

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