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Genetic diversity assessment of the almond (Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D.A. Webb) traditional germplasm of Algarve, Portugal, using molecular markers

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 July 2014

Luis Cabrita ,
Elena Apostolova ,
Alcinda Neves ,
António Marreiros  and
José Leitão
Luis Cabrita
Affiliation:
Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139Faro, Portugal
Elena Apostolova
Affiliation:
Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139Faro, Portugal
Alcinda Neves
Affiliation:
Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139Faro, Portugal
António Marreiros
Affiliation:
Direcção Regional de Agricultura e Pescas do Algarve, Apartado 282, Patacão, 8001-904Faro, Portugal
José Leitão*
Affiliation:
Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139Faro, Portugal
*
* Corresponding author. E-mail: jleitao@ualg.pt
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Abstract

In this study, 123 almond (Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D.A. Webb) trees identified among traditional orchards in the Algarve region and 53 trees of the local field collection managed by the regional office of the Portuguese Ministry of Agriculture (DRAALG) were assessed using isozyme, inter-single sequence repeat and simple sequence repeat or microsatellite techniques for the evaluation of genetic diversity and genetic relatedness and identification of new accessions for the field collection. The isozyme analysis allowed the distribution of the 176 plants into 13 different classes of enzyme similarity, while the use of DNA markers increased the distribution of the analysed trees among 140 discriminating DNA patterns. Multiple cases of homonymy and synonymy were identified in the local germplasm. Some traditional varieties, such as Lourencinha, appeared to be relatively homogeneous, while other local denominations, e.g. Galamba, included diverse genotypes. Of the 13 commercial varieties analysed in this study, 11 assembled in one major cluster clearly differentiated from the majority of the local genotypes. These results reinforced the perception that the Algarve traditional germplasm constitutes an important repository of genetic diversity, eventually carrying alleles of high agricultural interest such as the recently identified Phomopsis resistance in the traditional variety Barrinho Grado.

Keywords

almondgermplasmisozymesISSRsmicrosatellites
Type
Research Article
Information
Plant Genetic Resources , Volume 12 , Issue S1: Special issue on the 3rd International Symposium on “Genomics of Plant Genetic Resources” , July 2014 , pp. S164 - S167
Copyright
Copyright © NIAB 2014 

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