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Genetic diversity of Greek grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) cultivars using ampelographic and microsatellite markers

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 December 2022

Athanasios L. Tsivelikas Open the ORCID record for Athanasios L. Tsivelikas [Opens in a new window] ,
Evangelia V. Avramidou ,
Parthenopi E. Ralli ,
Ioannis V. Ganopoulos ,
Theodoros Moysiadis ,
Aliki Kapazoglou ,
Filippos A. Aravanopoulos  and
Andreas G. Doulis
Athanasios L. Tsivelikas
Affiliation:
International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Genetic Resources Section, Av. Mohamed Belarbi Alaoui, Al-Irfane, 101 12 Rabat, Morocco
Evangelia V. Avramidou
Affiliation:
Institute of Mediterranean Forest Ecosystems, Hellenic Agricultural Organization-DIMITRA (ex. N.AG.RE.F.), Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, Terma Alkmanos, 11528 Ilissia, Athens, Greece
Parthenopi E. Ralli
Affiliation:
Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, Hellenic Agricultural Organization-DIMITRA (ex. N.AG.RE.F.), GR-57001 Thermi, Greece
Ioannis V. Ganopoulos
Affiliation:
Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, Hellenic Agricultural Organization-DIMITRA (ex. N.AG.RE.F.), GR-57001 Thermi, Greece
Theodoros Moysiadis
Affiliation:
Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, Hellenic Agricultural Organization-DIMITRA (ex. N.AG.RE.F.), GR-57001 Thermi, Greece Department of Computer Science, School of Sciences and Engineering, University of Nicosia, Nicosia 2417, Cyprus
Aliki Kapazoglou
Affiliation:
Institute of Olive Tree, Subtropical Plants & Viticulture, Hellenic Agricultural Organization-DIMITRA (ex. N.AG.RE.F.), Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology & Genomic Resources, Kastorias 32A, GR-71307 Heraklion, Greece
Filippos A. Aravanopoulos
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding, School of Forestry and Natural Environment, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
Andreas G. Doulis*
Affiliation:
Institute of Olive Tree, Subtropical Plants & Viticulture, Hellenic Agricultural Organization-DIMITRA (ex. N.AG.RE.F.), Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology & Genomic Resources, Kastorias 32A, GR-71307 Heraklion, Greece
*
Author for correspondence: Andreas G. Doulis, E-mail: andreasntoulis@yahoo.gr; doulis@elgo.gr
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Abstract

Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) is a major worldwide crop of high economic importance, tightly interwoven with the traditions and the culture of many civilizations. The Greek vineyard is one of the oldest in the world composed of an ample number of highly diverse indigenous landraces. However, over the last decades the local cultivated grapevine germplasm has undergone a drastic reduction of diversity, due to the established market preferences for international varieties. In the current work a combined approach involving both, ampelographic traits and microsatellite markers has been undertaken, to study the genetic diversity within and among 96 grapevine genotypes belonging to 36 V. vinifera subsp. vinifera cultivars, predominantly representing autochthonous Greek landraces. Results revealed high genetic diversity for the Greek cultivars yielding a mean number of alleles per locus 14.69 and mean polymorphic information content 0.848. Hierarchical cluster analysis, employing both, ampelographic and microsatellite data, showed a clear distinction based on the origin of the germplasm; Anatolian versus Mediterranean. Principal component analysis, based on the most informative ampelographic traits, coupled to the results from genetic structure analysis further corroborated the proposal of germplasm differentiation on the basis of geographic origin. This information can be further utilized for the reconstitution of the Greek vineyard and can significantly contribute towards a rational conservation and utilization strategy for breeding or for direct cultivation of the Greek indigenous grapevine germplasm.

Keywords

Conservation in genebanksgenetic structuregrapevine germplasmlandracesphenotypic and molecular characterization
Type
Research Article
Information
Plant Genetic Resources , Volume 20 , Issue 2 , April 2022 , pp. 124 - 136
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of NIAB

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Footnotes

*

Equal contribution.

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