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Unravelling the hidden inter and intra-varietal diversity of durum wheat commercial varieties used in Portugal

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 May 2019

Miguel Bento ,
Sónia Gomes Pereira ,
Wanda Viegas  and
Manuela Silva Open the ORCID record for Manuela Silva [Opens in a new window]
Miguel Bento
Affiliation:
Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food (LEAF), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal
Sónia Gomes Pereira
Affiliation:
Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food (LEAF), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal
Wanda Viegas
Affiliation:
Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food (LEAF), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal
Manuela Silva*
Affiliation:
Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food (LEAF), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal
*
*Corresponding author. E-mail: manuelasilva@isa.ulisboa.pt
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Abstract

Assessing durum wheat genomic diversity is crucial in a changing environmental particularly in the Mediterranean region where it is largely used to produce pasta. Durum wheat varieties cultivated in Portugal and previously assessed regarding thermotolerance ability were screened for the variability of coding sequences associated with technological traits and repetitive sequences. As expected, reduced variability was observed regarding low molecular weight glutenin subunits (LMW-GS) but a specific LMW-GS allelic form associated with improved pasta-making characteristics was absent in one variety. Contrastingly, molecular markers targeting repetitive elements like microsatellites and retrotransposons – Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) and Inter Retrotransposons Amplified Polymorphism (IRAP) – disclosed significant inter and intra-varietal diversity. This high level of polymorphism was revealed by the 20 distinct ISSR/IRAP concatenated profiles observed among the 23 individuals analysed. Interestingly, median joining networks and PCoA analysis grouped individuals of the same variety and clustered varieties accordingly with geographical origin. Globally, this work demonstrates that durum wheat breeding strategies induced selection pressure for some relevant coding sequences while maintaining high levels of genomic variability in non-coding regions enriched in repetitive sequences.

Keywords

genetic diversitygluteninsmicrosatellites and retrotransposons
Type
Short Communication
Information
Plant Genetic Resources , Volume 17 , Issue 4 , August 2019 , pp. 386 - 389
Copyright
Copyright © NIAB 2019 

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