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A comparative analysis of the settlements of Novoye Chaplino and Gambell

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 October 2009

Donald G. Callaway  and
Alexander Pilyasov
Donald G. Callaway
Affiliation:
US Department of the Interior, National Park Service, 2525 Gambell Street, Anchorage, AK 99503, USA
Alexander Pilyasov
Affiliation:
Northeast Complex Research Institute, Magadan, Russia, CIS
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Abstract

Geographically separated by only 64 km, the Siberian Yupik-speaking communities of Gambell and Novoye Chaplino have endured a politically mandated separation of 40 years. During this period these two small, native comm unities have experienced enormous changes, changes often engendered by the social and economic policies of their nation states. The abandonment of small, native communities in Chukotka under the Soviet policy of ‘settlements without prospects’, the forced resettlement of Chaplino to Novoye Chaplino, and the reorganization of cooperatives into state farms have all had serious detrimental consequences for the organization of subsistence activities in this community. Gambell—with very little economic infrastructure, high unemployment, increased social problems, and some federaland state-mandated management of their natural resources — has managed to maintain high levels of subsistence production. The native language is spoken by youngsters in Gambell but not in Novoye Chaplino. Other important cultural features such as sharing, bride service, and ivory carving have been maintained in Gambell but have been lost in Novoye Chaplino. Contacts between the two communities under the recent policy of glasnost' may bring a revival of these practices back to Novoye Chaplino.

Type
Articles
Information
Polar Record , Volume 29 , Issue 168 , January 1993 , pp. 25 - 36
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1993

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