Published online by Cambridge University Press: 27 October 2009
The European north of the USSR can be roughly defined as the area between lats 60° and 70°N and longs 30° and 70°E. It covers some 1 500 000 km2; from the Finnish-Soviet frontier to the Urals is about 1 400 km, and from the Barents Sea to Vologda, about 1120 km. The area is intersected by the river systems of Dvina (750 km), Mezen (910 km), Vychegda (1 130 km) and Pechora (1 790 km). The inhabitants in 1960 numbered approximately 4 648 000.
page 855 note † Population figures relating to 1970 are taken from Literaturnaya Gazeta, 6 May 1970Google Scholar, and from Priroda, 17 April 1971Google Scholar.
page 857 note * It should be mentioned that, in the 18th century, some of this group moved out of Karelia and settled south of it, to populate the territory north of the upper Volga, the Kalininskaya Oblast (called Tverskaya Guberniya before 1917).