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Evidence and analysis of thermal static strain aging in the deformed surface zone of finish-machined hardened steel

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 March 2012

Jürgen Gegner ,
Lorenz Schlier  and
Wolfgang Nierlich
Jürgen Gegner
Affiliation:
Department of Material Physics, SKF GmbH, Ernst-Sachs-Str. 5, D-97424 Schweinfurt, Germany and Institute of Material Science, University of Siegen, Paul-Bonatz-Str. 9-11, D-57068 Siegen, Germany
Lorenz Schlier
Affiliation:
Department of Material Physics, SKF GmbH, Ernst-Sachs-Str. 5, D-97424 Schweinfurt, Germany
Wolfgang Nierlich
Affiliation:
Department of Material Physics, SKF GmbH, Ernst-Sachs-Str. 5, D-97424 Schweinfurt, Germany
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Abstract

After heat treating, finish machining of the hardened steel represents the last manufacturing step of machine elements. The practically most important operation of grinding is applied to achieve edge zone compressive residual stresses, best surface quality, and dimensional accuracy. Metal removal involves high plastic deformation work. Glide and intersection processes raise the density and produce lower energy substructures of dislocations. The temperature and time behavior of postmachining thermal treatment is analyzed on ground and honed martensitic SAE 52100 rolling bearing steel. Microstructure stabilization is reflected in a large XRD peak width decrease in the surface. The kinetics are modeled by rate-controlling carbide dissolution as the carbon source for Cottrell-type segregation at dislocations. This thermal static strain aging is verified by the formation of a slight white etching surface layer. The model is also extended to consider superimposed thermal dislocation recovery. Both effects are separable. In rolling contact fatigue tests under mixed friction conditions, air reheating below the tempering temperature, which avoids hardness loss, leads to a significant lifetime increase. The effect also occurs after cold working.

Keywords

hardened steelpost-grinding thermal treatmentXRD peak width reductioncarbide dissolutionkinetics modelingstatic strain agingdislocation recoveryfour-ball test
Type
Applications Of Residual Stress Analysis
Information
Powder Diffraction , Volume 24 , Supplement S1 , June 2009 , pp. S45 - S50
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2009

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