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Observations of shock-loaded tin and zirconium surfaces with single-pulse X-ray diffraction

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 February 2012

Dane V. Morgan ,
Mike Grover ,
Don Macy ,
Mike Madlener ,
Gerald Stevens  and
William D. Turley
Dane V. Morgan*
Affiliation:
National Security Technologies, LLC, Los Alamos Operations, 182 East Gate Drive, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87544
Mike Grover
Affiliation:
National Security Technologies, LLC, Los Alamos Operations, 182 East Gate Drive, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87544
Don Macy
Affiliation:
National Security Technologies, LLC, Los Alamos Operations, 182 East Gate Drive, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87544
Mike Madlener
Affiliation:
National Security Technologies, LLC, Los Alamos Operations, 182 East Gate Drive, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87544
Gerald Stevens
Affiliation:
National Security Technologies, LLC, Los Alamos Operations, 182 East Gate Drive, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87544
William D. Turley
Affiliation:
National Security Technologies, LLC, Los Alamos Operations, 182 East Gate Drive, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87544
*
a)Author to whom correspondence should be addressed. Electronic mail: morgandv@nv.doe.gov
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Abstract

A single-pulse X-ray diffraction (XRD) diagnostic has been developed for the investigation of shocked material properties on a very short time scale. The diagnostic, which consists of a 37-stage Marx bank high-voltage pulse generator coupled to a needle-and-washer electron beam diode via coaxial cable, produces line-and-bremsstrahlung X-ray emission in a 40 ns pulse. The molybdenum anode produces 0.71 Å characteristic Kα lines used for diffraction. The X-ray beam passes through a pinhole collimator and is incident on the sample with an approximately 2 mm×5 mm spot and 1° full width at half maximum angular divergence. Coherent scattering from the sample produces a Debye-Scherrer diffraction pattern on an image plate located at 75 mm from the polycrystalline sample surface. An experimental study of the polycrystalline structures of zirconium and tin under high-pressure shock loading has been conducted with single-pulse XRD. The experimental targets were 0.1-mm-thick foils of zirconium and tin using 0.4-mm-thick vitreous carbon back windows for shock loading, and the shocks were produced by either Detasheet or PBX-9501 high explosives buffered by 1-mm-thick 6061-T6 aluminum. The diffraction patterns from both shocked zirconium and tin indicated a phase transition into a polymorphic mix of amorphous and new solid phases.

Keywords

X-ray diffractionshock physicspulsed X-ray sourcezirconiumtin
Type
Technical Articles
Information
Powder Diffraction , Volume 25 , Issue 2 , June 2010 , pp. 138 - 142
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2010

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