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Single Rescuer Ventilation Using a Bag Valve Mask with Removable External Handle: A Randomized Crossover Trial

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 August 2017

Paul Reed ,
Baruch Zobrist ,
Monica Casmaer ,
Steven G. Schauer ,
Nurani Kester  and
Michael D. April Open the ORCID record for Michael D. April [Opens in a new window]
Paul Reed
Affiliation:
Department of Emergency Medicine, San Antonio Uniformed Services Health Education Consortium, San Antonio, TexasUSA
Baruch Zobrist
Affiliation:
Department of Emergency Medicine, San Antonio Uniformed Services Health Education Consortium, San Antonio, TexasUSA
Monica Casmaer
Affiliation:
Department of Emergency Medicine, San Antonio Uniformed Services Health Education Consortium, San Antonio, TexasUSA
Steven G. Schauer
Affiliation:
Department of Emergency Medicine, San Antonio Uniformed Services Health Education Consortium, San Antonio, TexasUSA
Nurani Kester
Affiliation:
Department of Emergency Medicine, San Antonio Uniformed Services Health Education Consortium, San Antonio, TexasUSA
Michael D. April*
Affiliation:
Department of Emergency Medicine, San Antonio Uniformed Services Health Education Consortium, San Antonio, TexasUSA
*
Correspondence: Michael D. April, MD, DPhil, MSc 3551 Roger Brooke Dr. Fort Sam Houston, Texas 78216 USA E-mail: Michael.D.April@post.harvard.edu
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Abstract

Introduction

Ventilation with a bag valve mask (BVM) is a challenging but critical skill for airway management in the prehospital setting.

Hypothesis

Tidal volumes received during single rescuer ventilation with a modified BVM with supplemental external handle will be higher than those delivered using a standard BVM among health care volunteers in a manikin model.

Methods

This study was a randomized crossover trial of adult health care providers performing ventilation on a manikin. Investigators randomized participants to perform single rescuer ventilation, first using either a BVM modified by addition of a supplemental external handle or a standard unmodified BVM (Spur II BVM device; Ambu; Ballerup, Denmark). Participants performed mask placement and delivery of 10 breaths per minute for three minutes, as guided by a metronome. After a three-minute rest period, they performed ventilation using the alternative device. The primary outcome measure was mean received tidal volume as measured by the manikin (IngMar RespiTrainer model; IngMar Medical; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania USA). Secondary outcomes included subject device preference.

Results

Of 70 recruited participants, all completed the study. The difference in mean received tidal volume between ventilations performed using the modified BVM with external handle versus standard BVM was 20 ml (95% CI, -16 to 56 ml; P=.28). There were no significant differences in mean received tidal volume based on the order of study arm allocation. The proportion of participants preferring the modified BVM over the standard BVM was 47.1% (95% CI, 35.7 to 58.6%).

Conclusions

The modified BVM with added external handle did not result in greater mean received tidal volume compared to standard BVM during single rescuer ventilation in a manikin model.

ReedP, ZobristB, CasmaerM, SchauerSG, KesterN, AprilMD. Single Rescuer Ventilation Using a Bag Valve Mask with Removable External Handle: A Randomized Crossover Trial. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2017;32(6):625–630.

Keywords

apneamanikinmasksresuscitationventilation
Type
Original Research
Information
Prehospital and Disaster Medicine , Volume 32 , Issue 6 , December 2017 , pp. 625 - 630
Copyright
© World Association for Disaster and Emergency Medicine 2017 

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Footnotes

Conflicts of interest/disclaimer: The view(s) expressed herein are those of the author(s) and do not reflect the official policy or position of Brooke Army Medical Center (San Antonio, Texas USA), the US Army Medical Department, the US Army Office of the Surgeon General, the Department of the Army, the Department of Defense, or the US Government. The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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