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Recent Advances in Medical Device Triage Technologies for Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear Events

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 April 2015

Krystal Lansdowne Open the ORCID record for Krystal Lansdowne [Opens in a new window] ,
Christopher G. Scully ,
Loriano Galeotti ,
Suzanne Schwartz ,
David Marcozzi  and
David G. Strauss
Krystal Lansdowne
Affiliation:
Center for Devices and Radiological Health, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
Christopher G. Scully
Affiliation:
Center for Devices and Radiological Health, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
Loriano Galeotti
Affiliation:
Center for Devices and Radiological Health, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
Suzanne Schwartz
Affiliation:
Center for Devices and Radiological Health, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
David Marcozzi
Affiliation:
Office of the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response, US Department of Health and Human Services, Washington DC, USA
David G. Strauss*
Affiliation:
Center for Devices and Radiological Health, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
*
Correspondence: David G. Strauss, MD, PhD 10903 New Hampshire Ave, WO62-1126 Silver Spring, Maryland 20993 USA E-mail: david.strauss@fda.hhs.gov
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Abstract

In 2010, the US Food and Drug Administration (Silver Spring, Maryland USA) created the Medical Countermeasures Initiative with the mission of development and promoting medical countermeasures that would be needed to protect the nation from identified, high‐priority chemical, biological, radiological, or nuclear (CBRN) threats and emerging infectious diseases. The aim of this review was to promote regulatory science research of medical devices and to analyze how the devices can be employed in different CBRN scenarios. Triage in CBRN scenarios presents unique challenges for first responders because the effects of CBRN agents and the clinical presentations of casualties at each triage stage can vary. The uniqueness of a CBRN event can render standard patient monitoring medical device and conventional triage algorithms ineffective. Despite the challenges, there have been recent advances in CBRN triage technology that include: novel technologies; mobile medical applications (“medical apps”) for CBRN disasters; electronic triage tags, such as eTriage; diagnostic field devices, such as the Joint Biological Agent Identification System; and decision support systems, such as the Chemical Hazards Emergency Medical Management Intelligent Syndromes Tool (CHEMM-IST). Further research and medical device validation can help to advance prehospital triage technology for CBRN events.

Lansdowne K, Scully CG, Galeotti L, Schwartz S, Marcozzi D, Strauss DG. Recent Advances in Medical Device Triage Technologies for Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear Events. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2015;30(3):1-4

Keywords

mass-casualty incidentspatient monitoringtriageweapons of mass destruction
Type
Special Report
Information
Prehospital and Disaster Medicine , Volume 30 , Issue 3 , June 2015 , pp. 320 - 323
Copyright
© World Association for Disaster and Emergency Medicine 2015 

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