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Remarks by Claus Kreβ

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 February 2017

Claus Kreβ
Claus Kreβ*
Affiliation:
Member of the University of Cologne Law Faculty, and Life Member of Clare Hall, University of Cambridge; member of the German delegation at the Kampala Review Conference
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Type
Annual Benjamin Ferencz Session: Integrating the Crime of Aggression into International Criminal Law and Public International Law
Information
Proceedings of the ASIL Annual Meeting , Volume 105 , 2011 , pp. 160 - 162
Copyright
Copyright © American Society of International Law 2011

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References

1 For a more detailed first assessment of the Kampala compromise as a whole, see Krqeß/l.|von Holtzendorff, C., The Kampala Compromise on the Crime of Aggression, 8 J. Int’l Crim. Just. 1179–1217 (2010)Google Scholar.

2 For two of the most important voices, see Franck, Thomas M., Who Killed Article 2(4)? or: Changing Norms Governing the use of Force by States, 64 Am. J. Int’l L. 809 (1970)CrossRefGoogle Scholar; Glennon, Michael J., The Fog of Law: Self-Defense, Inherence, and Incoherence in Article 51 of the United Nations Charter, 25 Harv. J.L. & Pub. Pol’y 539, 540 (2002)Google Scholar; similarly, Glennon, Michael J., How International Rules Die, 93 GEO. L.J. 939 (2005)Google Scholar. For Glennon’s unsurprisingly sceptical conclusions concerning the crime of aggression, see The Blank-Prose Crime of Aggression, 35 Yale J. Int’l L. 71 (2009)Google Scholar.

3 Thomas Franck’s position in Recourse to Force: State Action Against Threats and Armed AttacL• (2002), passim, is much more nuanced than that in his article of 1970 (see note 2).

4 For a more comprehensive—and at the same time masterfully succinct—exposition of this grey area, see Wilmshurst, Elizabeth, Aggression, in An Introduction to International Criminal Law and Procedure 312, 322-325 (Cryer, R. et al. eds., 2d ed. 2010)Google Scholar.

5 Scheffer, David, The Complex Crime of Aggression Under the Rome Statute, 23 Leiden J. Int’l L. 897, 898-901 (2010)CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

6 Review Conference, RC/Res. 6; repr. in Kreß, Stefan Barriga/Claus, eds., The Travaux Préparatoires of the Crime of Aggression 107 (2011)Google Scholar.

7 The German delegation was entrusted with the function to act as a focal point with a view to facilitate the discussion about the U.S. proposals for understandings.

8 Grover, Leena, A Call to Arms: Fundamental Dilemmas Confronting the Interpretation of Crimes in the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court, 21 Eur. J. Int’l L. 543 (2010)Google Scholar; Milanovic, Marko, Is the Rome Statute Binding on Individuals?, 9 J. Int’l Crim. Just. 25 (2011)Google Scholar.

9 ‘President Barack Obama, Nobel Lecture: A Just and Lasting Peace (Oct. 12, 2009), http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/peace/laureates/2009/obama-lecture_en.html.

10 For one example, see the debate between Paulus, Andreas, Second Thoughts on the Crime of Aggression, 20 Eur. J. Int’l L. 1117 (2009)Google Scholar, and Kreß, Claus, Time for Decision: Some Thoughts on the Immediate Future of the Crime of Aggression: A Reply to Andreas Paulus, 20 Eur. J. Int’l L. 1129 (2009)Google Scholar. Case Western Reserve School of Law.