Hostname: page-component-745bb68f8f-cphqk Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-01-13T12:15:37.309Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The use of occurrences of ideas for constructing and characterizing the design space

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 May 2024

Hernan Casakin ,
Hadas Sopher ,
John S. Gero  and
Or Haim Anidjar
Hernan Casakin*
Affiliation:
Ariel University, Israel
Hadas Sopher
Affiliation:
Ariel University, Israel
John S. Gero
Affiliation:
UNC Charlotte, United States of America
Or Haim Anidjar
Affiliation:
Ariel University, Israel
*
casakin@ariel.ac.il

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

This study explores the construction, characterization, and measurement of the design space using a novel approach that centres on First Occurrences (FOs) and Re-Occurrences (ROs) as metrics. Expert architects' cognitive behaviours during the design process were investigated empirically to gain insights into design space evolution. Findings reveal a consistent generation and revisiting of ideas, signifying an ongoing development of the design space. Future research should incorporate diverse methodologies and broader participant sample for a more comprehensive understanding.

Keywords

design cognitiondesign spacefirst occurrenceprotocol analysis
Type
Human Behaviour and Design Creativity
Information
Proceedings of the Design Society , Volume 4: DESIGN 2024 , May 2024 , pp. 905 - 914
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BYCreative Common License - NCCreative Common License - ND
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is unaltered and is properly cited. The written permission of Cambridge University Press must be obtained for commercial re-use or in order to create a derivative work.
Copyright
The Author(s), 2024.

References

Alzayed, Alsager, McComb, M., Hunter, C., and Miller, S.T., S.R. (2019), “Expanding the solution space in engineering design education: A simulation-based investigation of product dissection”, Journal of Mechanical Design, Vol.141 No.3, p.032001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.4042426CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Amabile, T. M. (1996), Creativity in Context: Update to The Social Psychology of Creativity. Westview Press, Boulder, CO. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429501234Google Scholar
Atman, C.J., Adams, R.S., Cardella, M.E., Turns, J., Mosborg, S. and Saleem, J. (2007). Engineering design processes: A comparison of students and expert practitioners. Journal of engineering education, Vol 96 No 4, pp. 359-379. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.2168-9830.2007.tb00945.xCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bucciarelli, L. L. (2001). Design knowing & learning: A socially mediated activity. In Eastman, C., McCracken, M., & Newstetter, W. (Eds.), Design knowing and learning: Cognition in design education. Elvesier.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Casakin, H. and Kreitler, S. (2011), “Correspondences and divergences between teachers and students in the evaluation of design creativity in the design studio”, Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design, Vol. 38 No. 4, pp. 592-611. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/b3405Google Scholar
Chiu, M., Silva, A., & Lim, S. (2022), "Design Progress Dashboard: Visualising a quantitative divergent/convergent pattern of design team progress through Natural Language Processing", In International Conference on-Design Computing and Cognition (pp. 67-84). Cham: Springer International Publishing. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-20418-0_5CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cross, N. (2006), Designerly Ways of Knowing, Springer, Berlin.Google Scholar
Cross, N. (2011), Design Thinking: Understanding how Designers Think and Work, Bloomsbury Academic, London. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781474293884CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dorst, K. (2011), "The core of ‘design thinking’ and its application", Design Studies, Vol. 32 No 6, pp. 521-532. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.destud.2011.07.006CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dorst, K. (2019), "Co-evolution and emergence in design", Design Studies, Vol. 65 No. C, pp. 65-77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.destud.2019.10.005CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dorst, K. and Cross, N. (2001), “Creativity in the design process: co-evolution of problem–solution”, Design Studies, Vol. 22 No. 5, pp. 425–437. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0142-694X(01)00009-6CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gabora, L. (2018), "Reframing convergent and divergent thought for the 21st century". arXiv preprint arXiv:1811.04512.Google Scholar
Gero, J. S. (1990), "Design prototypes: A knowledge representation schema for design", AI Magazine, Vol. 11 No. 4, 26. https://doi.org/10.1609/aimag.v11i4.854Google Scholar
Gero, J. S., and Kan, J.T.W. (2016), "Empirical results from measuring design creativity: use of an augmented coding scheme in protocol analysis", Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Design Creativity, 4th ICDC, Atlanta, GA, November 2-4, 2016, pp. 1-8.Google Scholar
Gero, J. S., and Kumar, B. (1993), "Expanding design spaces through new design variables", Design Studies, Vol.14 No.1, pp. 210 221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0142-694X(93)80048-HCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gero, J., and Milovanovic, J. (2022a), "Creation and characterization of design spaces", Proceedings of DRS2022, Bilbao, Spain, 25 June - 3 July. https://doi.org/10.21606/drs.2022.265CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gero, J., and Milovanovic, J. (2022b), "What is happening when designers from different disciplines work together", Proceedings of the 13th Design Thinking Research Symposium - Expanding the Frontiers of Design: Critical Perspectives, DTRS13, Haifa, Israel, March 22-24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b22630-26CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Goel, V., and Pirolli, P. (1992), "The structure of design problem spaces", Cognitive Science, Vol. 16, pp. 395–429. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15516709cog1603_3CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Goldschmidt, G. (1997), "Capturing indeterminism: representation in the design problem space", Design Studies, Vol. 22, pp. 425-437. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0142-694X(97)00011-2Google Scholar
Hu, Y., Du, X., Bryan-Kinns, N., and Guo, Y. (2019), "Identifying divergent design thinking through the observable behavior of service design novices. International Journal of Technology and Design Education, Vol. 29, pp. 1179-1191. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10798-018-9479-7CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kan, J.W.T., and Gero, J.S. (2017), Quantitative Methods for Studying Design Protocols, Springer International Publishing, Cham. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-0984-0CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kan, J.W.T., and Gero, J.S. (2018), Characterizing innovative processes in design spaces through measuring the information entropy of empirical data from protocol studies, Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis, and Manufacturing, Vol. 32 No. 1, pp. 32–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0890060416000548Google Scholar
Kenett, Y. N. (2019), "What can quantitative measures of semantic distance tell us about creativity?", Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences, Vol. 27, pp. 11–16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cobeha.2018.08.010CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lee, L., Yu, R., Kan, J.W.T., and Gero, J.S. (2018), Exploring the differences between designing and describing designing, Design Thinking Research Symposium - DTRS12, Seoul, South Korea, 15-16 November.Google Scholar
Maher, M. L., & Poon, J. (1996). "Modeling design exploration as co-evolution". Computer-Aided Civil and Infrastructure Engineering, Vol. 11 No 3, 195–209. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8667.1996.tb00323.xCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Martinec, T., Škec, S., Perišić, M.M. and Štorga, M. (2020), “Revisiting Problem-Solution Co-Evolution in the Context of Team Conceptual Design Activity”, Applied Sciences, Vol. 10 No. 18, p. 6303. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10186303CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Perisic, M. M., Štorga, M., and Gero, J. S. (2021), "Computational study on design space expansion during teamwork", Proceedings of the International Conference on Engineering Design (ICED21), Gothenburg, Sweeden, August 16- 20, pp. 691-700. https://doi.org/10.1017/pds.2021.69CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Simon, H. A. (1973), The structure of ill structured problems, Artificial Intelligence, Vol. 4 No. 3–4, pp. 181–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0004-3702(73)90011-8CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sopher, H., Casakin, H., and Gero, J.S. (2022), "Effect of immersive VR on student-tutor interaction in design crits". Proceedings of ECAADe Conference 2022, Ghent, Belgium, September 13-16, pp.123–132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-9521-1_17CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sopher, H., Casakin, H., and Gero, J. S. (2023), "The Temporal effect of immersive VR on student-tutor interaction in architectural design crits", Proceedings of eCAADe Conference 2023, Gratz, Austria, September 20-23, pp. 191-200. https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2023.1.191CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sopher, H., Milovanovic, J., and Gero, J. S. (2022), "Exploring the effect of immersive VR on student-tutor communication in the architecture design crits", Proceedings of in CAADRIA, 27th International Conference on Computer-Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia, Sydney, Australia. Vol. 2, pp. 315-324. http://dx.doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2022.2.315CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sosa, R. and Gero, J.S., (2003), Design and change: A model of situated creativity. Approaches to creativity in artificial intelligence and cognitive science, pp.25-34.Google Scholar
Tsarfaty, R., Seker, A., Sadde, S., and Klein, S. (2019), What's wrong with Hebrew nlp? And how to make it right. arXiv preprint arXiv:1908. 05453. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/D19-3044CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Van-Someren, M. W., Barnard, Y. F., and Sandberg, J. A. (1994), The Think Aloud Method: A Practical Guide to Modelling Cognitive Processes, Academic Press, San Diego, CA.Google Scholar