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Apodized Pupil Lyot Coronagraphs: Concepts and application to the Gemini Planet Imager

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 May 2006

Rémi Soummer ,
Claude Aime ,
André Ferrari ,
Anand Sivaramakrishnan ,
Ben R. Oppenheimer ,
Russell Makidon  and
Bruce Macintosh
Rémi Soummer
Affiliation:
American Museum of Natural History, 79th St at Central Park West, New York, USA email: rsoummer@amnh.org, anand@amnh.org, bro@amnh.org
Claude Aime
Affiliation:
Laboratoire Universitaire d'Astrophysique de Nice, Parc Valrose, Nice, France email: Claude.Aime@unice.fr, Andre.Ferrari@unice.fr
André Ferrari
Affiliation:
Laboratoire Universitaire d'Astrophysique de Nice, Parc Valrose, Nice, France email: Claude.Aime@unice.fr, Andre.Ferrari@unice.fr
Anand Sivaramakrishnan
Affiliation:
American Museum of Natural History, 79th St at Central Park West, New York, USA email: rsoummer@amnh.org, anand@amnh.org, bro@amnh.org
Ben R. Oppenheimer
Affiliation:
American Museum of Natural History, 79th St at Central Park West, New York, USA email: rsoummer@amnh.org, anand@amnh.org, bro@amnh.org
Russell Makidon
Affiliation:
Space Telescope Science Institute, 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, USA email: makidon@stsci.edu
Bruce Macintosh
Affiliation:
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, USA email:bmac@igpp.ucllnl.org
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Abstract

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This paper summarizes the general theory and properties for Apodized Pupil Lyot Coronagraphs which consist of a classical hard-edged Lyot coronagraph with an upstream pupil apodization. The ideal apodization function can be determined from an integral eigenvalue problem which solutions are prolate spheroidal functions. Solutions exist for any geometrty, including rectangular, circular, or elliptical. Formal solutions can be extended to the case of arbitrary apertures, using generalized prolate spheroidal functions for centrally obstructed apertures, spiders, or segmented telescopes. The properties of these coronagraphs enable the possibility of multiple stage coronagraphy and achromatization. The new instrument Gemini Planet Imager (GPI) will include such a coronagraph.

Keywords

instrumentation: high angular resolutioninstrumentation: adaptive optics
Type
Contributed Papers
Information
Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union , Volume 1 , Colloquium C200: Direct Imaging of Exoplanets: Science & Techniques , October 2005 , pp. 367 - 372
Copyright
© 2006 International Astronomical Union