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The CME link to geomagnetic storms

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 February 2010

Nat Gopalswamy
Nat Gopalswamy*
Affiliation:
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA email: nat.gopalswamy@nasa.gov
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Abstract

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The coronal mass ejection (CME) link to geomagnetic storms stems from the southward component of the interplanetary magnetic field contained in the CME flux ropes and in the sheath between the flux rope and the CME-driven shock. A typical storm-causing CME is characterized by (i) high speed, (ii) large angular width (mostly halos and partial halos), and (iii) solar source location close to the central meridian. For CMEs originating at larger central meridian distances, the storms are mainly caused by the sheath field. Both the magnetic and energy contents of the storm-producing CMEs can be traced to the magnetic structure of active regions and the free energy stored in them.

Keywords

Sun: coronal mass ejections (CMEs)solar windmagnetic fieldsinterplanetary medium

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