Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-mkpzs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-26T17:57:59.997Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Convection and the solar abundances: Does the sun have a sub-solar metallicity?

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 August 2006

Martin Asplund
Martin Asplund*
Affiliation:
Research School of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Australian National University, Cotter Road, Weston, ACT 2611, Australia email: martin@mso.anu.edu.au
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

In the Sun, the convection zone reaches up to the solar photosphere and can thus directly influence the emergent spectrum. Traditionally, the effects of convection has been modelled with the local mixing length theory in theoretical 1D hydrostatic model atmospheres. In a different approach, we have performed realistic time-dependent, 3D, radiative-hydrodynamical simulations of the outer layers of the solar convection zone, including the photosphere. Both the different mean stratification and the presence of atmospheric inhomogeneities in 3D impact the spectral line formation. In a series of papers, we have applied our 3D solar model atmosphere to the problem of the solar chemical composition. Furthermore, we have adopted the best possible atomic and molecular line data and taken into account departures from LTE in the line formation when necessary. The inferred C, N, O and Ne abundances are all significantly lower than estimated from previous 1D modelling by 0.2-0.3 dex. These results have significant implications for a range of topics in contemporary astrophysics, including causing a severe headache for helioseismology.

Keywords

Convectionhydrodynamicsline: formationline: profilesradiative transferSun: abundancesSun: atmosphereSun: granulation
Type
Contributed Papers
Information
Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union , Volume 2 , Symposium S239: Convection in Astrophysics , August 2006 , pp. 122 - 129
Copyright
Copyright © International Astronomical Union 2007

References

Allende Prieto, C., Lambert, D.L. & Asplund, M. 2001, ApJ 556, L63CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Allende Prieto, C., Asplund, M. & Fabiani Bendicho, P. 2004, A&A 423, 1109Google Scholar
Anders, E. & Grevesse, N. 1989, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 53, 197CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Asplund, M. 2000, A&A 359, 755Google Scholar
Asplund, M. 2004, A&A 417, 769Google Scholar
Asplund, M. 2005, ARAA 43, 481CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Asplund, M., Carlsson, M. & Botnen, A.V. 2003, A&A 399, L31Google Scholar
Asplund, M., Ludwig, H.-G., Nordlund, Å. & Stein, R.F. 2000a, A&A 359, 669Google Scholar
Asplund, M., Nordlund, Å., Trampedach, R., Allende Prieto, C. & Stein, R.F., 2000b, A&A 359, 729Google Scholar
Asplund, M., Nordlund, Å., Trampedach, R. & Stein, R. F. 2000c, A&A 359, 743Google Scholar
Asplund, M., Grevesse, N., Sauval, A. J., Allende Prieto, C. & Kiselman, D. 2004, A&A 417, 751Google Scholar
Asplund, M., Grevesse, N., Sauval, A.J., Allende Prieto, C. & Blomme, R. 2005, A&A 431, 693Google Scholar
Asplund, M., Grevesse, N. & Sauval, A.J. 2005, in ASP Conf. Ser. 336: Cosmic Abundances as Records of Stellar Evolution and Nucleosynthesis, (Eds.) Barnes III, T.G., Bash F.N., 25Google Scholar
Ayres, T.R., Plymate, C. & Keller, C.U. 2006, ApJS 165, 618CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barklem, P.S. 2006, A&A, in pressGoogle Scholar
Böhm-Vitense, E. 1958, ZfA 46, 108Google Scholar
Botnen, A.V. 1997, Cand. Sci. Thesis, University of OsloGoogle Scholar
Delahaye, F. & Pinsonneault, M.H. 2006, ApJ 649, 529CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dravins, D. & Nordlund, A. 1990, A&A 228, 184Google Scholar
Grevesse, N. & Sauval, A.J. 1998, Space Sci. Revs 85, 161CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gustafsson, B., Bell, R.A., Eriksson, K. & Nordlund, A. 1975, A&A 42, 407Google Scholar
Holweger, H. & Mueller, E.A. 1974, Solar Phys. 39, 19Google Scholar
Johansson, S., Litzén, U., Lundberg, H. & Zhang, Z. 2003, ApJ 584, L107Google Scholar
Kurucz, R. 1993, Atomic data for opacity calculations. Kurucz CD-ROM No. 1. Cambridge, Mass.: Smithsonian Astrophysical ObservatoryGoogle Scholar
Mihalas, D., Dappen, W. & Hummer, D.G. 1988, ApJ 33, 815Google Scholar
Nordlund, A. 1982, A&A 107, 1Google Scholar
Scott, P.C., Asplund, M., Grevesse, N. & Sauval, A.J. 2006, A&A 456, 675Google Scholar
Stein, R.F. & Nordlund, A. 1998, ApJ 499, 914Google Scholar