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Direct Imaging of Bridged Twin Protoplanetary Disks in a Young Multiple Star

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 April 2012

Satoshi Mayama ,
Motohide Tamura ,
Tomoyuki Hanawa ,
Tomoaki Matsumoto ,
Miki Ishii ,
Tae-Soo Pyo ,
Hiroshi Suto ,
Takahiro Naoi ,
Tomoyuki Kudo  and
Jun Hashimoto
...Show all authors
Satoshi Mayama
Affiliation:
The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Shonan International Village, Hayama-cho, Miura-gun, Kanagawa, 240-0193, Japan email: mayama_satoshi@soken.ac.jp
Motohide Tamura
Affiliation:
The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Shonan International Village, Hayama-cho, Miura-gun, Kanagawa, 240-0193, Japan email: mayama_satoshi@soken.ac.jp National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, 2-21-1, Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588Japan
Tomoyuki Hanawa
Affiliation:
Center for Frontier Science, Chiba University, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
Tomoaki Matsumoto
Affiliation:
Faculty of Humanity and Environment, Hosei University, Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-8160, Japan
Miki Ishii
Affiliation:
Subaru Telescope, National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, 650 North A'ohoku Place, Hilo, Hawaii, 96720, USA
Tae-Soo Pyo
Affiliation:
Subaru Telescope, National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, 650 North A'ohoku Place, Hilo, Hawaii, 96720, USA
Hiroshi Suto
Affiliation:
National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, 2-21-1, Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588Japan
Takahiro Naoi
Affiliation:
National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, 2-21-1, Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588Japan
Tomoyuki Kudo
Affiliation:
Subaru Telescope, National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, 650 North A'ohoku Place, Hilo, Hawaii, 96720, USA
Jun Hashimoto
Affiliation:
National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, 2-21-1, Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588Japan
Shogo Nishiyama
Affiliation:
National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, 2-21-1, Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588Japan
Masayuki Kuzuhara
Affiliation:
University of Tokyo, Hongo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
Masahiko Hayashi
Affiliation:
University of Tokyo, Hongo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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Abstract

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Protoplanetary disks are ubiquitously observed around young solar-mass stars and are considered to be not only natural by-products of stellar evolution but also precursors of planet formation. If a forming star has close companions, the protoplanetary disk may be seriously influenced. It is important to consider this effect because most stars form as multiples. Thus, studies of protoplanetary disks in multiple systems are essential to describe the general processes of star and planet formation.

We present the direct image of an interacting binary protoplanetary system. We obtained an infrared image of a young multiple circumstellar disk system, SR24, with the Subaru 8.2-m Telescope. Both circumprimary and circumsecondary disks are clearly resolved with a 0.1 arcsecond resolution. The binary system exhibits a bridge of infrared emission connecting the two disks and a long spiral arm extending from the circumprimary disk. A spiral arm would suggest that the SR24 system rotates counter-clockwise. The orbital period of the binary is 15,000 yr. Numerical simulations reveal that the bridge corresponds to gas flow and a shock wave caused by the collision of gas rotating around the primary and secondary stars. The simulations also show that fresh material streams along the spiral arm, confirming the theoretical proposal that gas is replenished from a circum-multiple reservoir. These results reveal the mechanism of interacting protoplanetary disks in young multiple systems. Furthermore, our observations provide the first direct image that enables a comparison with theoretical models of mass accretion in binary systems. The observations of this binary system provide a great opportunity to test and refine theoretical models of star and planet formation in binary systems.

Keywords

stars:binariesstars:formationstars:planetary systems: protoplanetary disks
Type
Contributed Papers
Information
Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union , Volume 7 , Symposium S282: From Interacting Binaries to Exoplanets: Essential Modeling Tools , July 2011 , pp. 425 - 428
Copyright
Copyright © International Astronomical Union 2012

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