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Disentangling between stellar activity and planetary signals

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 August 2011

Isabelle Boisse ,
François Bouchy ,
Guillaume Hébrard ,
Xavier Bonfils ,
Nuno Santos  and
Sylvie Vauclair
Isabelle Boisse
Affiliation:
Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, UMR7095 CNRS, 98bis bd. Arago, 75014 Paris, France email: iboisse@iap.fr Centro de Astrofísica, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Estrelas, 4150-762 Porto, Portugal
François Bouchy
Affiliation:
Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, UMR7095 CNRS, 98bis bd. Arago, 75014 Paris, France email: iboisse@iap.fr Observatoire de Haute Provence, CNRS/OAMP, 04870 St Michel l'Observatoire, France
Guillaume Hébrard
Affiliation:
Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, UMR7095 CNRS, 98bis bd. Arago, 75014 Paris, France email: iboisse@iap.fr Observatoire de Haute Provence, CNRS/OAMP, 04870 St Michel l'Observatoire, France
Xavier Bonfils
Affiliation:
Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Grenoble, Observatoire de Grenoble, Université Joseph Fourier, CNRS, UMR 5571, 38041, Grenoble Cedex 09, France Observatoire de Genève, Université de Genève, 51 Ch. des Maillettes, 1290 Sauverny, Switzerland
Nuno Santos
Affiliation:
Centro de Astrofísica, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Estrelas, 4150-762 Porto, Portugal
Sylvie Vauclair
Affiliation:
LATT-UMR 5572, CNRS & Université P. Sabatier, 14 Av. E. Belin, F-31400 Toulouse, France
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Abstract

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Photospheric stellar activity (i.e. dark spots or bright plages) might be an important source of noise and confusion in the radial-velocity (RV) measurements. Radial-velocimetry planet search surveys as well as follow-up of photometric transit surveys require a deeper understanding and characterization of the effects of stellar activities to disentangle it from planetary signals.

We simulate dark spots on a rotating stellar photosphere. The variations of the RV are characterized and analyzed according to the stellar inclination, the latitude and the number of spots. The Lomb-Scargle periodograms of the RV variations induced by activity present power at the rotational period Prot of the star and its two-first harmonics Prot/2 and Prot/3. Three adjusted sinusoids fixed at the fundamental period and its two-first harmonics allow to remove about 90% of the RV jitter amplitude. We apply and validate our approach on four known active planet-host stars: HD 189733, GJ 674, CoRoT-7 and ι Hor. We succeed in fitting simultaneously activity and planetary signals on GJ674 and CoRoT-7. We excluded short-period low-mass exoplanets around ι Hor. Our approach is efficient to disentangle reflex-motion due to a planetary companion and stellar-activity induced-RV variations provided that 1) the planetary orbital period is not close to that of the stellar rotation or one of its two-first harmonics, 2) the rotational period of the star is accurately known, 3) the data cover more than one stellar rotational period.

Keywords

techniques: radial velocities - planetary systems - stars: activity - stars: individual: ι HorHD 189733GJ 674CoRoT-7
Type
Contributed Papers
Information
Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union , Volume 6 , Symposium S273: The Physics of Sun and Star Spots , August 2010 , pp. 281 - 285
Copyright
Copyright © International Astronomical Union 2011

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