Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-s2hrs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-13T02:48:45.513Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

GRB Progenitors and Observational Criteria

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 September 2012

Bing Zhang
Bing Zhang*
Affiliation:
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA email: zhang@physics.unlv.edu
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Phenomenologically, two classes of GRBs (long/soft vs. short/hard) are identified based on their γ-ray properties. The boundary between the two classes is vague. Multi-wavelength observations lead to identification of two types of GRB progenitors: one related to massive stars (Type II), and another related to compact stars (Type I). Evidence suggests that the majority of long GRBs belong to Type II, while at least the majority of nearby short GRBs belong to Type I. Nonetheless, counter examples do exist. Both long-duration Type I and short-duration Type II GRBs have been observed. In this talk, I review the complications in GRB classification and efforts in diagnosing GRB progenitors based on multiple observational criteria. In particular, I raise the caution to readily accept that all short/hard GRBs detected by BATSE are due to compact star mergers. Finally, I propose to introduce “amplitude” as the third dimension (besides “duration” and “hardness”) to quantify burst properties, and point out that the “tip-of-the-iceberg” effect may introduce confusion in defining the physical category of GRBs, especially for low-amplitude, high-redshift GRBs.

Keywords

gamma-ray bursts; classification
Type
Contributed Papers
Information
Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union , Volume 7 , Symposium S279: Death of Massive Stars: Supernovae and Gamma-Ray Bursts , April 2011 , pp. 102 - 109
Copyright
Copyright © International Astronomical Union 2012

References

Barthelmy, S. D. et al. 2005, Nature, 438, 994CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Belczynski, K., Stanek, K. Z., & Fryer, C. L. 2007, arXiv:0712.3309Google Scholar
Berger, E. et al. 2005, Nature, 438, 988CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Berger, E. 2009, ApJ, 690, 231CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Campana, S. et al. 2006, Nature, 442, 1008CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Coward, D. et al. 2012, arXiv:1202.2179Google Scholar
Cucchiara, A. et al. 2011, ApJ, 736, 7CrossRefGoogle Scholar
De Pasquale, M. et al. 2010, ApJ, 709, L146CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eichler, D. et al. 1989, Nature, 340, 126CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fong, W., Berger, E., & Fox, D. B. 2010, ApJ, 708, 9CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fruchter, A. S. et al. 2006, Nature, 441, 463CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gal-Yam, A. et al. 2006, Nature, 444, 1053CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gehrels, N. et al. 2005, Nature, 437, 851CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gehrels, N. et al. 2006, Nature, 444, 1044CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Greiner, J. et al. 2009, ApJ, 693, 1610CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hjorth, J. et al. 2003, Nature, 423, 847CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kann, D. A. et al. 2010, ApJ, 720, 1513CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kann, D. A. et al. 2011, ApJ, 734, 96CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kouveliotou, C. et al. 1993, ApJ, 413, L101CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Levesque, E. M. et al. 2010, MNRAS, 410, 963CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lü, H.-J., Liang, E.-W., Zhang, B.-B., & Zhang, B. 2010, ApJ, 725, 1965CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lü, H.-J., Zhang, B., Liang, E.-W., & Zhang, B.-B., 2012, in preparationGoogle Scholar
Norris, J. & Bonnell, J. T. 2006, ApJ, 643, 266CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Panaitescu, A. 2011, MNRAS, 414, 1379CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pian, E. et al. 2006, Nature, 442, 1011CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rezzolla, L. et al. 2011, ApJ, 732, L6CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sakamoto, T. et al. 2011, ApJS, 195, 2CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tanvir, N. et al. 2009, Nature, 461, 1254CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Virgili, F., Zhang, B., O'Brien, P., & Troja, E. 2011, ApJ, 727, 109CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Woosley, S. E. 1993, ApJ, 405, 273CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Xin, L.-P. et al. 2011, MNRAS, 410, 27CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhang, B. 2006, Nature, 444, 1010CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhang, B. et al. 2007, ApJ, 655, L25CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhang, B. et al. 2009, ApJ, 703, 1696CrossRefGoogle Scholar