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The implications of clustered star formation for (proto)planetary systems and habitability

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 January 2020

J. M. Diederik Kruijssen  and
Steven N. Longmore
J. M. Diederik Kruijssen
Affiliation:
Astronomisches Rechen-Institut, Zentrum für Astronomie der Universität Heidelberg, Mönchhofstraß e 12-14, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany email: kruijssen@uni-heidelberg.de
Steven N. Longmore
Affiliation:
Astrophysics Research Institute, Liverpool John Moores University, IC2, Liverpool Science Park, 146 Brownlow Hill, Liverpool L3 5RF, United Kingdom email: s.n.longmore@ljmu.ac.uk
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Abstract

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Star formation is spatially clustered across a range of environments, from dense stellar clusters to unbound associations. As a result, radiative or dynamical interactions with neighbouring stars disrupt (proto)planetary systems and limit their radii, leaving a lasting impact on their potential habitability. In the solar neighbourhood, we find that the vast majority of stars form in unbound associations, such that the interaction of (proto)planetary systems with neighbouring stars is limited to the densest sub-regions. However, the fraction of star formation occurring in compact clusters was considerably higher in the past, peaking at ∼50% in the young Milky Way at redshift z ∼ 2. These results demonstrate that the large-scale star formation environment affects the demographics of planetary systems and the occupation of the habitable zone. We show that planet formation is governed by multi-scale physics, in which Mpc-scale events such as galaxy mergers affect the AU-scale properties of (proto)planetary systems.

Keywords

stars: formationplanetary systems: formationplanetary systems: protoplanetary disksISM: structuregalaxies: star clustersgalaxies: evolutiongalaxies: formation
Type
Contributed Papers
Information
Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union , Volume 14 , Symposium S345: Origins: From the Protosun to the First Steps of Life , August 2018 , pp. 61 - 65
Copyright
© International Astronomical Union 2020 

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