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Nucleosynthesis in Rotating massive stars and Abundances in the Early Galaxy

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2010

Georges Meynet ,
Raphael Hirschi ,
Sylvia Ekstrom ,
André Maeder ,
Cyril Georgy ,
Patrick Eggenberger  and
Cristina Chiappini
Georges Meynet
Affiliation:
Geneva Observatory, Geneva University, CH–1290 Sauverny, Switzerland email: georges.meynet@unige.ch
Raphael Hirschi
Affiliation:
Astrophysics group, Keele University, Lennard-Jones Lab., Keele, ST5 5BG, UK email: r.hirschi@epsam.keele.ac.uk IPMU, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
Sylvia Ekstrom
Affiliation:
Geneva Observatory, Geneva University, CH–1290 Sauverny, Switzerland email: georges.meynet@unige.ch
André Maeder
Affiliation:
Geneva Observatory, Geneva University, CH–1290 Sauverny, Switzerland email: georges.meynet@unige.ch
Cyril Georgy
Affiliation:
Geneva Observatory, Geneva University, CH–1290 Sauverny, Switzerland email: georges.meynet@unige.ch
Patrick Eggenberger
Affiliation:
Geneva Observatory, Geneva University, CH–1290 Sauverny, Switzerland email: georges.meynet@unige.ch
Cristina Chiappini
Affiliation:
Geneva Observatory, Geneva University, CH–1290 Sauverny, Switzerland email: georges.meynet@unige.ch
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Abstract

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We discuss three effects of axial rotation at low metallicity. The first one is the mixing of the chemical species which is predicted to be more efficient in low metallicity environments. A consequence is the production of important quantities of primary 14N, 13C, 22Ne and a strong impact on the nucleosynthesis of the s-process elements. The second effect is a consequence of the first. Strong mixing makes possible the apparition at the surface of important quantities of CNO elements. This increases the opacity of the outer layers and may trigger important mass loss by line driven winds. The third effect is the fact that, during the main-sequence phase, stars, at very low metallicity, reach more easily than their more metal rich counterparts, the critical velocity. We discuss the respective importance of these three effects as a function of the metallicity. We show the consequences for the early chemical evolution of the galactic halo and for explaining the CEMP stars. We conclude that rotation is probably a key feature which contributes in an important way to shape the evolution of the first stellar generations in the Universe.

Keywords

stars: AGBearly-typeevolutionsupernovaeGalaxy: halonucleosynthesis
Type
Contributed Papers
Information
Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union , Volume 5 , Symposium S265: Chemical Abundances in the Universe: Connecting First Stars to Planets , August 2009 , pp. 98 - 105
Copyright
Copyright © International Astronomical Union 2010

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