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Stellar activity and magnetic shielding

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 February 2010

J.-M. Grießmeier ,
M. Khodachenko ,
H. Lammer ,
J. L. Grenfell ,
A. Stadelmann  and
U. Motschmann
J.-M. Grießmeier
Affiliation:
ASTRON, Postbus 2, 7990 AA, Dwingeloo, The Netherlands email: griessmeier@astron.nl
M. Khodachenko
Affiliation:
Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Schmiedlstr. 6, A-8042 Graz, Austria
H. Lammer
Affiliation:
Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Schmiedlstr. 6, A-8042 Graz, Austria
J. L. Grenfell
Affiliation:
Zentrum für Astronomie und Astrophysik, Technische Universität Berlin (TUB), Hardenbergstr. 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
A. Stadelmann
Affiliation:
Technical University of Braunschweig, Mendelssohnstraße 3, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
U. Motschmann
Affiliation:
Technical University of Braunschweig, Mendelssohnstraße 3, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
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Abstract

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Stellar activity has a particularly strong influence on planets at small orbital distances, such as close-in exoplanets. For such planets, we present two extreme cases of stellar variability, namely stellar coronal mass ejections and stellar wind, which both result in the planetary environment being variable on a timescale of billions of years. For both cases, direct interaction of the streaming plasma with the planetary atmosphere would entail servere consequences. In certain cases, however, the planetary atmosphere can be effectively shielded by a strong planetary magnetic field. The efficiency of this shielding is determined by the planetary magnetic dipole moment, which is difficult to constrain by either models or observations. We present different factors which influence the strength of the planetary magnetic dipole moment. Implications are discussed, including nonthermal atmospheric loss, atmospheric biomarkers, and planetary habitability.

Keywords

astrobiologyplanetary systemsmagnetic fieldsstars: windsoutflowsSun: coronal mass ejections (CMEs)cosmic rays
Type
Contributed Papers
Information
Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union , Volume 5 , Symposium S264: Solar and Stellar Variability: Impact on Earth and Planets , August 2009 , pp. 385 - 394
Copyright
Copyright © International Astronomical Union 2010

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