Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-v9fdk Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-10T07:27:12.047Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Untangling the History of M31 with Planetary Nebulae

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 May 2017

Bruce Balick
Bruce Balick*
Affiliation:
Astronomy Dept, University of Washington Seattle WA 98195-1580, USA email: balick@uw.edu
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Recent studies of planetary nebulae and deep color-magnitude diagrams in M 31 have unveiled some unusual star-formation events beyond its spiral arms into its outer regions extending to 100 kpc in projected distance. In this paper I summarize these observations. I shall also highlight some special interpretive surprises suggested by observations of PNe related to their O/H abundances, ages, and the luminosities on PNe well beyond the inner disk.

Keywords

planetary nebulae: generalgalaxies: individual (M 31)haloes
Type
Contributed Papers
Information
Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union , Volume 11 , General Assembly A29B , August 2015 , E7
Copyright
Copyright © International Astronomical Union 2017 

References

Azimlu, M., Marciniak, R. & Barmby, P. 2011, ApJ, 142, 139 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Balick, B, Kwitter, K. B., Corradi, R. L. M., et al. 2013, ApJ, 774, 3 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bernard, E. J., Ferguson, A. M. N., Barker, M. K., et al. 2012, MNRAS, 420, 2625 Google Scholar
Bernard, E. J., Ferguson, A. M. N., Chapman, S. C., et al. 2015a, MNRAS, 453L, 13 Google Scholar
Bernard, E. J., Ferguson, A. M. N., Richardson, J. C., et al. 2015b, MNRAS, 446, 2789 Google Scholar
Braun, R. 1991, ApJ, 372, 54 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Catalán, S., Isern, J., García-Berro, E., et al. 2008, MNRAS, 387, 1693 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chapman, S. C., Ibata, R., Lewis, G. F., et al. 2006, ApJ, 653, 255 Google Scholar
Corradi, R. L. M., Kwitter, K. B., & Balick, B. 2015, ApJ, 807, 181 Google Scholar
Courteau, S., Widrow, L. M., McDonald, M., et al. 2011, ApJ, 739, 20 Google Scholar
Fang, X., Zhang, Y., Garca, Benito, R., et al. 2013, ApJ, 774, 38 Google Scholar
Fardal, M. A.; Babul, A., & Guhathakurta, P. 2008, ApJ, 682L, 33 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Font, A. S., Johnston, K. V., Guhathakurta, P., et al. 2006, AJ, 131, 1436 Google Scholar
Hammer, F., Yang, Y. B., Wang, J. L., et al. 2010, ApJ, 725, 542 Google Scholar
Henry, R. B. C., Kwitter, K. B., & Balick, B. 2004, AJ, 127, 2284 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Henry, R. B. C., Kwitter, K. B., & Jaskot, A. E. 2010, ApJ, 724, 748 Google Scholar
Ibata, R., Chapman, S., Ferguson, A. M. N., et al. 2005, ApJ, 634, 287 Google Scholar
Ibata, R., Irwin, M., & Lewis, G. 2001, Nature, 412, 49 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ibata, R., Lewis, G. F. & McConnachie, A. W. 2014, ApJ, 780, 128 Google Scholar
Jacoby., G, Ciardullo, R. 1999, ApJ, 515, 169 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kennicutt, R. C. Jr., 1988, ApJ, 334, 144 Google Scholar
Kniazev, A. Y., Grebel, E. K., Zucker, D. B., et al. 2014, AJ, 147, 16 Google Scholar
Koch, A., Rich, R. M., Reitzel, D. B., et al. 2008, ApJ, 689, 958 Google Scholar
Kwitter, K. B., Lehman, E. M. M., Balick, B., et al. 2012, ApJ, 753, 12 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kwitter, K. B., Lehman, E. M. M., Balick, B., et al. 2013, ApJ, 768, 97 Google Scholar
McConnachie, A. W., Irwin, M. J., Ibata, R. A., et al. 2009, Nature, 461, 66 Google Scholar
Méndez, R. H., Teodorescu, A. M., Schönberner, D., et al. 2008, ApJ, 681, 325 Google Scholar
Merrett, H. R., Merrifield, M. R., Douglas, N. G., et al. 2006 MNRAS, 369, 120 Google Scholar
Richardson, J. C., Ferguson, A. M. N., Mackey, A. D., et al. 2009, MNRAS, 396, 1842 Google Scholar
Richer, M., McCall, M. L., & Stasinska, G. 1998, A&A, 340, 67 Google Scholar
Williams, B. F., Dalcanton., J. J., Dolphin, A. E., et al. 2015, ApJ, 806, 48 CrossRefGoogle Scholar